HORSES FOR COURSES Flashcards
What are the 2 categories in research?
descriptive and analytical
what is descriptive research?
a type of research that describes a population, situation, or phenomenon that is being studied. It focuses on answering the how, what, when, and where questions If a research problem, rather than the why- at a singular point in time
what is analytical research?
Analytical research focuses on understanding the cause-effect relationships between two or more variables over a period of time.
what type of research is a cross sectional survey?
a descriptive study
How do you carry out a cross sectional survey?
you collect information about the outcome and the exposures at one point in time across a group of people.
what is an ecological study?
a study at the level at which data was analysed, normally at population/group level rather than at the individual level.
what are the 2 subcategories of analytical studies?
experimental and observational
what type of study is a randomised control trial?
an analytical experimental study
how do you carry out a randomised control trial?
you take a group of people, randomly allocate an experimental intervention or control and measure the outcomes.
What is an experimental study?
researchers introduce an intervention and study the effects
what is an observational study?
researchers observe the effect of a risk factor, diagnostic test, treatment or other intervention without trying to change who is or isn’t exposed to it
what type of research is a cohort study?
an analytical observational study
how do you carry out a cohort study?
you observe a population but remove individuals who already have the outcome from the study. you then measure and classify the risk factors and over time measure the outcomes and compare.
what type of research is a case control study?
an analytical observational study
how do you carry out a case control study?
you find those who have the outcome (cases) and those who don’t (these act as controls). you then look back into their pasts and see how their exposures differed.
