Hormones I

Question 1

what is neural signalling

Answer 1

releasing neurotransmitters

Question 2

how did hormones evolve?

Answer 2

• differentiation was controlled by CO2 in hydra
• aggregated amoeba controlled by cAMP
• nerve nets evolved and it was found to be a convenient way of regulating chemicals to a specific area

Question 3

what type of feedback loop is growth hormone? how?

Answer 3

negative, the pituitary releases hormones that act on the liver to increase growth hormone production, the increased growth hormone production sends signals to the pituitary to stop producing hormones to grow taller

Question 4

what happens when too much growth hormone is secreted?

Answer 4

gigantism

acromegalic: if growing happens after ephyseal line

Question 5

what are the 6 classes of chemical messengers?

Answer 5

amino acids, steroids, amines, lipids, purines, gases

Question 6

which can be solubilized in blood? what does the other one need; hydrophillic and hydrophobic

Answer 6

hydrophillic can

hydrophobic need to be carried because cant solubilize in blood

Question 7

birth hormone (oxytocin) feedback loop

Answer 7

positive, the response increases hormones and upregulates it

Question 8

when the thyroid increases metabolism and brings the body back to steady state feedback loop

Answer 8

negative, the response brings the body back to homeostasis

Question 9

what type of feedback loops are thyroid hormones, why?

Answer 9

negative, increase cell metabolic rate

Question 10

what is the functional version of thyroid hormone

Answer 10

T3