Hormones And The Endocrine System

Question 0

What are the two basic types of hormones?

Answer 0

Lipid soluble steroid hormones and water soluble amino acid or peptide hormones. Water soluble hormones can’t enter the cell but lipid soluble hormones can.

Question 1

What is a hormone?

Answer 1

Is a communication molecules that is produced by an endocrine gland they travel through the blood stream to target cells and act on target cells to initiate change.

Question 2

Hypothalamus

Answer 2

Is nervous tissue in the brain

Question 3

Pituitary gland ( the master gland)

Answer 3

Anterior p is endocrine tissue posterior o is nervous tissue exhibits with the hypothalamus neuroendocrine control which regulate secretion by other glands

Question 4

Thyroid and parathyroid glands

Answer 4

T glands are located in the anterior neck region

Pt glands are in the posterior surface of the thyroid

Question 5

Adrenal glands

Answer 5

Are on the top of each kidney

Question 6

Gonads

Answer 6

Produce gametes ovaries in women produce ova and testes in men produce sperm

Question 7

Water soluble hormones

Answer 7

Can’t enter a cell so they bind to a receptor in the pm activate a second messenger inside the cell triggering the pathway that leads to some cellular change

Question 8

Lipid soluble hormones

Answer 8

Cross the pm and enter the cell cross nuclear envelope and enter the nucleus bind to signal receptors in the cell nucleus which bind to specific genes of dna, signal receptor complex activates gene expression

Question 9

Oxytocin

Answer 9

Posterior pituitary gland in the brain nervous tissue, Peptide, regulated by the nervous system, causes contraction of the uterus and mammary gland cells, cause contraction during child birth.

Question 10

Growth hormone

Answer 10

Anterior pituitary gland endocrine tissue, stimulates growth and metabolic functions, muscles and bone cells production of more cells, regulated by hypothalamus hormones

Question 11

Prolactin

Answer 11

Anterior pituitary gland, endocrine tissue, protein, stimulates milk production and secretion, mammary glands, regulated by hypothalamic hormones

Question 12

Thyroid stimulating hormone tsh

Answer 12

Anterior pituitary gland, endocrine tissue, glycoproteins, stimulate thyroid to make hormones, regulated by hypothalamic hormones

Question 13

Triiodothyronine and thyroxine

Answer 13

Thyroid glands, in the neck, Tri has three iodines in it thy has four iodines in it, amines, stimulate and maintain metabolic processes, regulated by tsh

Question 14

Calcitonin

Answer 14

Thyroid gland, in the neck, peptide, lowers blood calcium level, regulated by calcium in the blood.

Question 15

Parathyroid hormone pth

Answer 15

Parathyroid glands, embedded in the thyroid, peptides, raises blood calcium level, regulated by calcium in blood.

Question 16

Insulin

Answer 16

Pancreas, protein, lowers blood glucose level, regulated by glucose in the blood

Question 17

Glucagon

Answer 17

Pancreas, protein, raises blood glucose level, regulated by glucose in the blood

Question 18

Epinephrine and norepinephrine

Answer 18

Adrenal glands, adrenal medulla, top of kidneys, amines, raise blood glucose level, increase metabolic activities, constrict certain blood vessels regulated by the nervous system

Question 19

Glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids

Answer 19

Adrenal glands, adrenal cortex, top of kidneys, steroids, raise blood glucose level, promote reabsorption of na + and excretion of k + in kidneys, regulated by ACTH and k plus in blood