Hormones and IVF

Question 1

Hormones can also be used as ‘fertility drugs.’ Explain how a fertility drug helps a woman to become pregnant. (2 marks)

Answer 1

Contains FSH which causes egg to mature / develop / be produced. OR contains LH which stimulates the release of an egg.

Question 2

In-vitro fertilisation (IVF) is used to help some women get pregnant. Name the two hormones used in IVF treatment. (2 marks)

Answer 2

FSH and LH

Question 3

Describe the process of IVF. (4 marks)

Answer 3

Eggs are collected from ovary .Eggs are mixed with sperm or fertilisation occurs. Fertilised egg divides, embryos are formed. Embryos are inserted into the womb /uterus. FSH matures egg and LH releases eggs.

Question 4

Explain how a contraceptive pill works. (2 marks)

Answer 4

Inhibits FSH (production / secretion) (therefore) no eggs mature / released.

Question 5

Explain the stages of the menstrual cycle in detail. (4 marks)

Answer 5

FSH is produced and secreted by the pituitary gland. FSH causes the eggs in the ovaries to mature and stimulates the ovaries to release oestrogen. Oestrogen is secreted by the ovaries. Oestrogen inhibits FSH production and stimulates the pituitary gland to release LH. LH stimulates the release of the mature egg cell (ovulation – day 14). Progesterone is secreted by the ovaries. Progesterone maintains the uterus lining and inhibits production of both FSH and LH. If the egg is not fertilised, the uterus lining passes out of the body. (Period: days 1-5)

Question 6

How can I remember which gland each hormone is produced by?

Answer 6

POP!!! Pituitary, Ovary, Pituitary Not POO or OOPs!!!

Question 7

What is an auxin?

Answer 7

A plant hormone which affects cell elongation

Question 8

If a shoot grows towards light what do we call this?

Answer 8

Positive phototropism

Question 9

If a shoot grows away from gravity what do we call this?

Answer 9

Negative gravitropism

Question 10

How do stems and roots respond differently to high concentrations of auxins? (2 marks)

Answer 10

cells in stems grow more cells in roots grow less

Question 11

How are plant hormones used in industry? (2 marks)

Answer 11

For plant ripening As weedkillers

Question 12

How does a phototropic response happen in a shoot?

Answer 12

Auxin accumulates on the dark side, which causes more cell elongation on this side. The tip then bends towards the light.

Question 13

What does FSH do?

Answer 13

It matures eggs and stimulates the production of oestrogen

Question 14

What does oestrogen do?

Answer 14

It inhibits FSH, it prepares the uterus for a fertilised egg, and it stimulates the production of LH

Question 15

Which 2 hormones involved in the menstrual cycle are made in the pituitary gland?

Answer 15

FSH and LH

Question 16

Which hormone involved in the menstrual cycle is made in the ovaries?

Answer 16

Oestrogen

Question 17

Which hormone is found in contraceptives and how does it work?

Answer 17

Oestrogen - it inhibits FSH. No FSH, no mature eggs, no babies

Question 18

What does a selective weedkiller do?

Answer 18

Disrupt the growth of certain plants only

Question 19

What is a hormone?

Answer 19

A chemical messenger

Question 20

How do hormones travel around the body?

Answer 20

In the bloodstream

Question 21

What produces hormones?

Answer 21

Glands ( endocrine glands if you are showing off!)

Question 22

Is a baby girl born with all her eggs?

Answer 22

Yes but they are not mature

Question 23

When does a girl start to mature eggs?

Answer 23

At puberty

Question 24

Where are auxins produced?

Answer 24

shoot tips and roots

Question 25

A root grows towards gravity. Where does auxin accumulate?

Answer 25

On the lower side

Question 26

If there was water near would a root grow towards it or away from it?

Answer 26

Towards it

Question 27

The “ Pill” contains which hormone

Answer 27

Oestrogen. ( or sometimes another hormone called progesterone)

Question 28

What causes uneven cell elongation in plant tips?

Answer 28

Uneven distribution of auxin

Question 29

What is this showing?

Answer 29

IVF

Question 30

What is the photo showing?

Answer 30

Positive phototropism

ie growing towards light