Diet, Exercise and Health Flashcards
Scientists estimate that about one third of cancers in the UK may be linked to obesity. Name two diseases linked to obesity. Do not give cancer as one of your answers. (2 marks)
Any two from:
- arthritis
- diabetes
- high blood pressure
- heart disease
Exercise helps a person to lose weight. Explain why. (3 marks)
It increases metabolic rate. Exercise needs energy or exercise increases energy used by body. This means that fat stores are used / broken down.
Other than increasing fitness, give two reasons why regular exercise is important in maintaining a healthy body. (2 marks)
Any two from:
- increases metabolic rate or increased respiration
- decreases blood pressure
- decreases obesity
- decreased cholesterol / burns off fat
- lowers risk of heart disease
- lowers risk of arthritis or worn joints
- lowers risk of diabetes
Some slimming programmes include daily exercise. Explain how daily exercise helps a person to lose mass. (2 marks)
- (exercise) increases metabolic rate / respiration
- (exercise) needs / uses energy / calories
- (this) energy comes from food / fat
- less food / energy/ calories converted to fat
What is meant by metabolic rate? (2 marks)
- Rate of chemical reactions
- In cells / tissues / organs
Who is more likely to have a higher metabolic rate? A man or a woman?
Men generally have a higher metabolic rate than women.
Apart from gender, what else can affect metabolic rate?
The proportion of muscle to fat in your body and the genes you inherit from your parents affect metabolic rate
Some people are unhealthy because they have too little food (starvation) what effects could this have?
They may suffer from deficiency diseases due to lack of minerals or vitamins. An example of this would be anaemia due to a lack of iron.
If female their periods might stop.
What are the seven things needed for a balanced diet?
Carbohydrates Proteins
Fats Vitamins
Minerals Fibre
Water
Why does regular exercise boost your metabolic rate?
Because it builds muscle
What is arthritis?
Inflammation of the joints
What does a lack of a vitamin or a mineral give you (after you don’t have it for a long time)?
A deficiency disease like scurvy if you don’t get vitamin C
If a diet was tested on a group of people what should be controlled?
Age Gender Starting mass Any exercise done Any other food eaten
People whose diet is out are balance are said to be…..
Malnourished
Is malnourishment the same as starvation?
No, malnourished people can be fat or thin or unhealthy in other ways
