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Pharmacology > HORMONES > Flashcards

HORMONES Flashcards

1
Q

rhGH somatropin

A 
pituitary dwarfism
tuner's syndrome
renal failure
catabolic states
AIDS related wasting
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2
Q

GH 191 aa functions

A

increase glucose
increase lipolysis
decrease glucose utilisation
increase igf1 - increase lipogenesis and glucose utilisation

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3
Q

ADR GH

A

hypothyroidism
lipodystrophy
glucose intolerance
water salt retention, intracranial hypertension

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4
Q

somatostatin 14 aa

A

inhibit GH, TSH and PRL, INSULIN, GLUCAGON
antisecretory
constricts gut, liver, renal vessels

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5
Q

somatostatin analogues

A

octreotide - acromegaly, secretory diarrheas (adr- steatorrhoea, diarrhea, gall stones)
lanreotide
pegvisoment - peg bound mutant gh

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6
Q

prolactin 199 aa

A

growth and development of breast
induce milk secretion
inhibit GnRH
act on t lymphocytes

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7
Q

prolactin

A

JAK STAT activation

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8
Q

Dopamine

A

inhibit lactotrope D2 receptors

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9
Q

Dopamine agonists

A

bromocriptine, cabergoline

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10
Q

hyperprolactenemia

A

chlorpromazine, haloperidol, metoclopramide

trh, prolactin releasing peptide, vip

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11
Q

hyperprolactenemia

A

galactorrhoea amenorrhea infertility

loss of libido and depressed fertility

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12
Q

bromocriptine

A

uses - hyperprolactenemia, acromegaly, Parkinson’s, DM, hepatic coma, neonatal death

 excreted in bile - half life 3-6 hours
 D2 agonist, d1 agonist, alpha adrenergic blocker
 decrease PRL, GH, Parkinson
 CTZ stimulation
 inhibit postural reflexes- hypotension 
 decrease gastric motility
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13
Q

cabergoline

A

D2 agonist
half life >60 hours
uses - hyperprolactenemia, acromegaly

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14
Q

glycoprotein gonadotropin

A

alpha chain 92 aa

beta chain: 111 aa fsh, 121aa lh

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15
Q

LH

A

progesterone secretion

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16
Q

FSH and LH RECEPTOR

A

GPCR - increase cAMP

  1. gametogenesis
  2. conversion cholesterol into pregnenolone
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17
Q

regulation of secretion of gonadotrophin

A

secretion: gonadorelin GnRH
secreted in pulses - frequency and amplitude varies - determine fsh/lh release
follicular phase - high frequency
luteal phase - low frequency

inhibition- feedback
LH- dopamine
FSH- inhibin

18
Q

gonadotropin disturbances cause

A 
delayed puberty
precocious puberty
sterility
amenorrhea
oligozoospermia
impotence
infertility
polycystic ovaries
19
Q

gonadotropins im, sc

A 
menotropins
urofolitropin
hCG
recombinant folitropin
recombinant LH
rHCG
20
Q

induce ovulation

A

clomiphene

21
Q

polycystic ovaries

A

LH/FSH ratio increased

22
Q

gonadotropin use

A 
amenorrhea
infertility
hypogonadotrphic hypogonadism
cryptorchidism
to aid in vitro fertilization
23
Q

hypogonadotrphic hypogonadism

A

androgen- for sexual maturation
hcg im 2-3 x a week
add fsh and lh after 3-4 months

24
Q

fsh lh dose

A

75 IU/day im

25
Q

ADR gonadotropin

A

ovarian hyperstimulation
precocious puberty
allegric reaction malignancies

26
Q

gonadorelin agonist - long acting but short term use

A

nasal, sc
initially increase gn
then - reversible pharmacological oophorectomy/orchidectomy

27
Q

nafarelin

A

GnRH agonist
downregulate GnRH in 10 days
use- ovarian hyperstimulation, utetine fibroids, endometriosis, central precocious puberty

adverse effect- vaginal dryness, emotional liability

28
Q

goserelin

A

sc/im
endogenous gn suppression before ovarian induction - 3.6 mg depot inj anterior abdominal wall 3 weeks prior
endometriosis
prostate cancer

29
Q

triptorelin

A

sc- infertility

im depot- prostrate cancer, endometriosis, precocious puberty, leiomyomas

30
Q

prostate cancer treatment

A

goserelin

triptorelin + androgen antagonists

31
Q

androgen antagonist

A

flutamide, biclutamide

32
Q

leuprolide

A

gn suppression

prostate cancer

33
Q

GnRH

A

sc inj
low histamine releasing potential

ceterorelix
ganirelix

34
Q

TSH

A

stimulate all steps of thyroid hormone synthesis and release

35
Q

TSH RECEPTORS

A

GsPCR

also Gq sometimes - produce H2O2 for iodide oxidation

36
Q

TSH stimulation

A

TRH (GqPCR)

37
Q

TSH inhibition

A

dopamine
somatostatin
thyroid hormones

38
Q

Graves disease

A

IgG antibody stimulate TSH receptors

39
Q

ACTH 39 aa

A

endorphin, lipotropins, msh

GPCR
increase cAMP- INCREASE CHOLESTEROL, hyperplasia and hypertrophy of adrenal cortex
function- steroidogenesis

40
Q

zona glomerulosa

A

stimulated by acth and ang ii

41
Q

ACTH

A

stimulated by- CRH (stimulated by stress, arginine vasopressin)
Inhibition - negative feedback

increased acth -basophil pituitary tumors - Cushing’s

decreased acth - hypocorticism

use - diagnosis of pituitary adrenal axis

Pharmacology (6 decks)

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