Hormones Flashcards
What do leydig cells produce?
Produce testosterone under the influence of LH.
What are Sertoli cells responsible for?
Increase spermatogenesis under the influence of FSH.
Where are sertoli and leydig cells found?
Sertoli cells - lining seminiferous tubules
Leydig cells - between adjacent seminiferous tubules
Through what pathway do LH and FSH stimulate the gonads?
Gs g-protein - stimulates the production of adenylyl cyclase.
What do granulosa cells respond to?
Produce oestrogen in response to FSH.
What do theca cells respond to?
Produce androgens in response to LH.
Where is inhibin produced?
From granulosa cells of the corpus luteum in females.
From Sertoli cells in males.
What is the effect of inhibin?
Has negative feedback on FSH (and a small amount of negative feedback on LH).
What is the role of inhibin in males?
Released into the blood when the sperm count is too high.
What is the role of inhibin in females?
Allows the LH surge (part of the menstrual cycle).
What is the role of the thyroid in puberty?
Growth hormone secretion from the pituitary gland increases TSH, which increases metabolic rate and promotes tissue growth.
What ends the LH surge?
The increase in progesterone produced from the corpus luteum - has negative feedback on the hpg axis.
Which 3 hormones are responsible for cervical ripening?
Oestrogen
Relaxin
Prostaglandins
Where is progesterone produced?
The corpus luteum and the placenta.
Apart from the ovaries, how else can oestrogen be produced?
Aromatase pathway - adipose tissue contains aromatase, which can convert androgens to oestrogen (even when the ovaries stop producing oestrogen, they still produce some androgens).
