Hormones

Question 1

5 hormone signals:

Answer 1

1. Chemical synthesis/release
2. Survival (stay low key)
3. Proliferate
4. Differentiate
5. Apoptosis

Question 2

Fat soluble hormones

Answer 2

Steroids derived from lipids [cholesterol], estrogen, testosterone, progesterone
-Able to cross cell membrane and bind to internal receptors

Question 3

Water soluble hormones

Answer 3

Amino acids - made of short chains
Polypeptides - long chains of amino acids
NOT able to cross cell membrane, relies on receptors to work

Question 4

Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis

Answer 4

The hypothalamus (GnRH), pituitary gland (FSH and LH), and gonadal glands (inhibin), collectively. Connection between nervous and endocrine system.

Question 5

(Anterior) Pituitary Gland

Answer 5

“Master” endocrine gland. Receives signal from hypothalamus and secretes FSH (follicle stimulating hormone) and LH (Luteinizing Hormone)

Question 6

Hypothalamus

Answer 6

Releases Gonadotropin-releasing factor (GnRH) which is received by the anterior pituitary gland.

Question 7

FSH

Answer 7

Follicle stimulating hormone.
In males, affects spermatogenesis and sertoli cells. Ihnibits LH.

In females, important for maintaining the survival of follicles.

Question 8

LH

Answer 8

Leuteinizing hormone.
In males, acts on leydig cells to aid in testosterone production.

In females, important for estrogen production.

Question 9

5DHT

Answer 9

Steroid vital for full closure of the scrotal sac (hypospadia).

Question 10

Estradiol

Answer 10

Steroid found in leydig cells that maintain bone density and help w/ maturation of sperm in epididymis in men, and developing follicle in women.

Question 11

Progesterone

Answer 11

Steroid secreted by the granulosa cells after ovulation. Mature follicle releases oocyte and post ovulation granulosa cell becomes an endocrine organ which releases progetserone (corpus luteum).