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A&P 2 > Hormones > Flashcards

Hormones Flashcards

1
Q

Vasopressin

A 
From: Posterior Pituitary
Target: Kidney
Type: Peptide
Causes: Retention of water
Regulator: Water/Salt balance (hypothalamus)
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2
Q

Oxytocin

A 
From: Posterior Pituitary
Target: Uterus and mammary glands
Type: Peptide
Causes: Contraction of Uterus
Regulator: Nervous System
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3
Q

TSH

A 
From: Anterior Pituitary
Target: Thyroid Gland
Type: Peptide
Causes: Release of TH
Regulator: TRH (hypothalamus)
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4
Q

FSH

A 
From: Anterior Pituitary
Target: Ovaries and Testes
Type: Peptide (gonadotropin)
Causes: Production of ova and sperm
Regulator: GnRH (hypothalamus)
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5
Q

LH

A 
From: Anterior Pituitary
Target: Ovaries and Testes
Type: Peptide (gonadotropin)
Causes: Production of estrogen/progesterone/testosterone
Regulator: GnRH (hypothalamus)
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6
Q

ACTH

A 
From: Anterior Pituitary
Target: Adrenal Cortex
Type: Peptide
Causes: Release of glucocorticoids
Regulator: CRH (hypothalamus)
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7
Q

GH

A 
From: Anterior Pituitary
Target: Liver/Adipose/Bone
Type: Peptide
Causes: Growth and metabolic functions
Regulator: GHRH (stimulator), SST (inhibitor)
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8
Q

PRL

A 
From: Anterior Pituitary
Target: Mammary Glands
Type: Peptide
Causes: Milk production and secretion
Regulator: PRF (hypothalamus)
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9
Q

Melatonin

A

From: Pineal gland
Type: Amine
Causes: Involved in circadian rhythms
Regulator: Light and dark cycles

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10
Q

TH (T3/T4)

A

From: Thyroid gland
Type: Amine (from follicular cells)
Causes: stimulates and maintains metabolic function
Regulator: TSH (anterior pituitary)

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11
Q

Calcitonin

A

From: Thyroid gland
Target: Bone (osteoclasts)
Type: Peptide (from parafollicular/c-cells)
Causes: Inhibits osteoclasts to prevent bone resorption
Regulator: Plasma Ca+ levels

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12
Q

PTH

A 
From: Parathyroid gland
Target: Bone and Kidney
Type: Peptide (from chief cells)
Causes: Stimulates osteoclasts, decreases Ca+ excretion, stimulates vitamin D from kidney to enhance intestine Ca+ absorption
Regulator: Plasma Ca+ levels
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13
Q

Thymosin/Thymopoietin

A

From: Thymus

Involved in T cell development

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14
Q

Epinephrine and Norepinephrine

A

From: Adrenal Medulla
Type: Amine (catecholamine)
Causes: Increase metabolic activities, raise blood glucose, constrict certain blood vessels
Regulator: Nervous System

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15
Q

Aldosterone (mineralcorticoid)

A

From: Adrenal Cortex
Target: Kidneys
Type: Steroid (from zona glomerulosa)
Causes: Reabsorption of Na+ and secretion of K+
Regulator: Angiotension II and K+ in blood

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16
Q

Cortisol

A 
From: Adrenal Cortex
Target: Liver, Muscle, Adipose
Type: Steroid (from zona fasiculata)
Causes: Raise blood glucose
Regulator: ACTH (neg. feedback to CRH & ACTH)
17
Q

Insulin

A 
From: Pancreas
Target: Liver, Muscle, Adipose
Type: Peptide (from beta cells)
Causes: Decrease plasma glucose
Regulator: Plasma glucose levels
18
Q

Glucagon

A 
From: Pnacreas
Target: Liver
Type: Peptide (from alpha cells)
Causes: Increase plasma glucose
Regulator: Plasma glucose levels
19
Q

Estrogen

A

From: Ovaries
Type: Steroid (from granulosa cells then corpus luteum)
Causes: Development of secondary sex characteristics
Regulator: FSH & LH (anterior pituitary)

20
Q

Progesterone

A

From: Ovaries
Type: Steroid (majority from corpus luteum then granulosa and thela cells)
Causes: Uterine lining growth
Regulator: FSH & LH (anterior pituitary)

21
Q

Testosterone

A

From: Testes
Type: Steroid (from intersitial cells)
Causes: sperm development and secondary sex characteristics
Regulator: FSH & LH (anterior pituitary)

A&P 2 (8 decks)

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