Hormones Flashcards
ADH
Target:Kidneys
Water retention
Produced in hypothalamus, Stored in posterior pituitary
ACTH
Target organ: adrenal cortex
Growth of cortex and glucocorticoid secretion
Produced by basophil cells in the Anterior pituitary
Tropic hormones
Regulate the hormone secretion of other endocrine glands
Mostly found in anterior pituitary and hypothalamus
FSH
Target: ovaries testes
Ovarian follicle growth, estrogen secretion
Sperm production
Produced by basophil cells in anterior pituitary
LH
Target: ovaries, testes
Ovulation, maintenance of corpus luteum
Testosterone secretion
Produced by basophil cells in anterior pituitary
TSH
Target: Thyroid gland
Growth of thyroid, TH secretion
Produced by basophil cells in anterior pituitary
OT
Target: uterus, mammary glands
Sexual affection, sperm transport, mommy baby bonding
Produced in hypothalamus, Stored in posterior pituitary
GH
Target: liver, bones, cartilage, fat
Widespread tissue growth
Produced by acidophil cells in anterior pituitary
PRL
Target: mammary glands, testes
Female milk synthesis
Male LH sensitivity
Produced by acidophil cells in anterior pituitary
Target Organ
Tissue that a certain hormone effects
Hormone
A chemical that regulates homeostasis, secreted by endocrine glands into bloodstream
Parathyroid hormone
Elevates blood calcium levels (osteoclast activity)
Produced by chief cells
Thyroid hormone
Releases both T4 and T3/ increases metabolic rate
Produced by follicular cells of the thyroid
Calcitonin
Produced by C cells in thyroid,
Mainly in children
Bone deposition
Oxyphil cells
Found in parathyroid
The bigger cells #OxBig
Chief cells
Parathyroid cells
Release parathyroid hormone
Pancreatic islet
Alpha cells- outer portion, produces glucagon #LighterColor
Beta cells- inner portion, synthesize insulin #DarkerColor
Acinar cells- secretes wastes in to duodenum
Thymosin
Produced in thymus
The production of lymphocytes
Melatonin
Produced in pineal gland
Maintains sleep/wake cycle and releasing of female reproductive hormones
Chromophobes
Cells in the anterior pituitary that are the lightest color
No role in hormone production
Pituicytes
The dark cell bodies in the posterior pituitary
Zona glomerulosa
Mineralocorticoids (aldosterone)
Zona fasciculata
Glucocorticoids
Zona reticularis
Sex hormones
Medulla of the adrenal gland
Epinephrine
Basophil cells
Stain more blue/ could by darker
Acidophil cells
Stain more pinky/possibly lighter
Adenohypophysis
Aka the anterior pituitary gland
Myxedema
Swelling of the skin and underlying tissue, under active thyroid glands
Cortisol
Maintains blood glucose levels (osteoblast activity)
Glucagon
Targets the liver
Hypoglycemia
Caused by hyper secretion of insulin
Insulin
Increases the uptake in glucose by target tissues
Pheromones
Modify behavior and physiology of other individuals
Neurohormones
Produced by neurons and act like hormones
