Hormones

Question 1

Growth hormone (GH)
(1) Gland
(2) Function

Answer 1

(1) Anterior pituitary
(2) Promotes bone and tissue growth

Question 2

Thyrotropin aka thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
(1) Gland
(2) Function

Answer 2

(1) Anterior pituitary
(2) Stimulates thyroid gland and production of thyroxine (T4)

Question 3

Corticotropin (Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH))
(1) Gland
(2) Function

Answer 3

(1) Anterior pituitary
(2) Stimulates adrenal cortex to produce glucocorticoids

Question 4

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
(1) Gland
(2) Function

Answer 4

(1) Anterior pituitary
(2) Initiates growth of eggs in ovaries; stimulates spermatogenesis in testes

Question 5

Luteinizing hormone (LH)
(1) Gland
(2) Function

Answer 5

(1) Anterior pituitary
(2) Causes ovulation; stimulates ovaries to produces estrogen and progesterone; stimulates testosterone production

Question 6

Prolactin (PRL)
(1) Gland
(2) Function

Answer 6

(1) Anterior pituitary
(2) Stimulates breast development and formation of milk during pregnancy and after delivery

Question 7

Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH)
(1) Gland
(2) Function

Answer 7

(1) Anterior pituitary
(2) Regulates skin pigmentation

Question 8

Vasopressin (Antidiuretic hormone (ADH))
(1) Gland
(2) Function

Answer 8

(1) Posterior pituitary
(2) Stimulates water reabsorption by renal tubules; has antidiuretic effect

Question 9

Oxytocin
(1) Gland
(2) Function

Answer 9

(1) Posterior pituitary
(2) Stimulates uterine contractions, ejection of milk in mammary glands, ejections of secretions in male prostate gland

Question 10

Thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3)
(1) Gland
(2) Function

Answer 10

(1) Thyroid
(2) Regulates rate of cellular metabolism (catabolic phase)

Question 11

Calcitonin
(1) Gland
(2) Function

Answer 11

(1) Thyroid
(2) Promotes retention of calcium and phosphorus in bones

Question 12

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
(1) Gland
(2) Function

Answer 12

(1) Parathyroid
(2) Regulates metabolism of calcium; increased serum calcium levels by drawing calcium from bones

Question 13

Mineralocorticoids (primary aldosterone)
(1) Gland
(2) Function

Answer 13

(1) Adrenal cortex
(2) Promote retention of sodium by kidneys, regulate electrolyte and fluid homeostasis

Question 14

Glucocorticoids: Cortisol, corticosterone, cortisone
(1) Gland
(2) Function

Answer 14

(1) Adrenal cortex
(2) Regulate metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats in cells

Question 15

Gonadocorticoids: Androgens, estrogens, progestins
(1) Gland
(2) Function

Answer 15

(1) Adrenal cortex
(2) Govern secondary sex characteristics and masculinization

Question 16

Catecholamines: Epinephrine and norepinephrine
(1) Gland
(2) Function

Answer 16

(1) Adrenal medulla
(2) Fight or flight response; increase HR, BP, blood glucose, dilate bronchioles

Question 17

Insulin
(1) Gland
(2) Function

Answer 17

(1) Pancreas
(2) Regulates metabolism of glucose in body cells; maintains proper blood glucose level

Question 18

Glucagon
(1) Gland
(2) Function

Answer 18

(1) Pancreas
(2) Increases concentration of glucose in blood by causing conversion of glycogen to glucose

Question 19

Estrogens
(1) Gland
(2) Function

Answer 19

(1) Ovaries
(2) Development of female secondary sex characteristics

Question 20

Progesterone
(1) Gland
(2) Function

Answer 20

(1) Ovaries
(2) Prepares and maintains endometrium (uterus lining) for implantation of egg and pregnancy

Question 21

Testosterone
(1) Gland
(2) Function

Answer 21

(1) Testes
(2) Stimulates and promotes growth of male secondary sex characteristics and erections

Question 22

Thymosin
(1) Gland
(2) Function

Answer 22

(1) Thymus
(2) Promotes development of immune cells

Question 23

Melatonin
(1) Gland
(2) Function

Answer 23

(1) Pineal gland
(2) Regulates daily patterns of sleep and wakefulness; inhibits hormones that affect ovaries