Hormones Flashcards

1
Q

What are the ten endocrine glands in the body

A

Hypothalamus
Pituitary
Pineal
Thyroid
Parathyroid
Thymus
Adrenals
Pancreas
Ovaries
Testes

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2
Q

What is hormone-target cell specificity

A

•Although all major hormones circulate to virtually all tissues, a given hormone influences the activity of only certain tissue, cells- referred to as target cells/tissues
•There are specific protein receptors on target cells for hormonal responses e.g, receptors for ACTH are normally found on certain cells of the adrenal cortex,
•By contrast, thyroxine is the principal hormonal stimulant of cellular metabolism, and nearly all body cells have thyroxine receptors

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3
Q

What is the most crucial first step in hormonal reactions

A

Hormone-receptor binding

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4
Q

What does the extent of target cell activation by hormone by hormone receptor interaction depend on

A

Blood levels of hormones
The restive numbers of receptors present
The affinity (strength) of the hormone receptor complex

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5
Q

What are the functions of hormones

A

Reproduction
Growth and development
Mobilization of body defenses against stressors
Maintenance of electrolytes, water and nutrient balance
Regulation of cellular metabolism and energy balance

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