Hormones Flashcards
What are the ten endocrine glands in the body
Hypothalamus
Pituitary
Pineal
Thyroid
Parathyroid
Thymus
Adrenals
Pancreas
Ovaries
Testes
What is hormone-target cell specificity
•Although all major hormones circulate to virtually all tissues, a given hormone influences the activity of only certain tissue, cells- referred to as target cells/tissues
•There are specific protein receptors on target cells for hormonal responses e.g, receptors for ACTH are normally found on certain cells of the adrenal cortex,
•By contrast, thyroxine is the principal hormonal stimulant of cellular metabolism, and nearly all body cells have thyroxine receptors
What is the most crucial first step in hormonal reactions
Hormone-receptor binding
What does the extent of target cell activation by hormone by hormone receptor interaction depend on
Blood levels of hormones
The restive numbers of receptors present
The affinity (strength) of the hormone receptor complex
What are the functions of hormones
Reproduction
Growth and development
Mobilization of body defenses against stressors
Maintenance of electrolytes, water and nutrient balance
Regulation of cellular metabolism and energy balance