Hormones Flashcards
Melatonin
Location: Pineal gland
Primary targets: Brain, other tissues
Main effect: Circadian rhythms; immune function; antioxidant
Dopamine (PIH)
Aka - Prolactin inhibiting hormone
Class: Amino Acid
Location: Hypothalamus
Target: Anterior Pituitary
Main effects: inhibits prolactin
Somatostatin (GHIH)
Aka - Growth hormone-inhibiting hormone
Class: Peptide
Location: Hypothalamus
Target: Anterior pituitary
Main effect: inhibits growth hormone
Thyrotropin - releasing hormone (TRH)
Class: Peptide
Location: Hypothalamus
Primary Target: Anterior Pituitary
Main effects: Stimulates thyrotropin, Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
Corticotropin - releasing hormone CRH
Class: Peptide
Location: Hypothalamus
Primary Target: Anterior Pituitary
Main effects: stimulates Adrencorticotropin, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
GHRH
Class: Peptide
Location: Hypothalamus
Primary Target: Anterior Pituitary
Main effects: stimulates growth hormone (GH), somatotropin
Gonadotropin - releasing hormone (GnRH)
Class: Peptide
Location: Hypothalamus
Primary Target: Anterior Pituitary
Main effects: stimulates FSH and LH
Oxytocin
Class: Peptide
Location: Posterior pituitary (neuron)
Primary Target: breast and uterus
Main effects: milk ejection; L&D; behavior
Vasopressin (ADH)
Class: Peptide
Location: Posterior pituitary (neuron)
Primary Target: Kidneys
Main effects: Water absorption
Prolactin
Class: Peptide
Location: Anterior pituitary
Primary Target: Breast
Main effects: Milk Production
Growth Hormone (somatotropin)
Class: Peptide
Location: Anterior pituitary
Primary Target: Liver, many cells
Main effects: Growth factor secretion; growth and metabolism
Corticotropin (ACTH)
Class: Peptide
Location: Anterior pituitary
Primary Target: Adrenal cortex
Main effects: Cortisol release
Thyrotropin (TSH)
Class: Peptide
Location: Anterior pituitary
Primary Target: Thyroid gland
Main effects: Thyroid hormone synthesis
Follicle - stimulating hormone
Class: Peptide
Location: Anterior pituitary
Primary Target: Gonads
Main effects: Egg or Soren production; sex hormone production
Lutienizing hormone
Class: Peptide
Location: Anterior pituitary
Primary Target: Gonads
Main effects: Sex hormone production; egg or sperm production
Triiodothyronine and thyroxine
Class: Amino acid derived -
Location: Thyroid Gland
Primary targets: Many tissues
Main effects: Metabolism, growth, and development
Calcitonin
Class: Peptide
Location: Thyroid gland
Primary targets: Bone
Main effects: Plasma calcium levels (minimal effects in humans)
Parathyroid hormone
Class: Peptide
Location: Parathyroid gland
Primary targets: Bone, kidney
Main effects: Regulates plasma Ca 2+ and phosphate levels
Thymosin, thympoietin
Class: Peptide
Location: Thymus gland
Primary targets: Lymphocytes
Main effects: Lymphocyte development
