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BIOL 2312 Spring 2023 > Hormones > Flashcards

Hormones Flashcards

1
Q

hormones secreted by hypothalamus

A

releasing and inhibiting peptide hormones

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2
Q

target tissue of releasing and inhibiting hormones

A

anterior pit

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3
Q

purpose of releasing and inhibiting hormones

A

regulate anterior pituitary

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4
Q

releasing and inhibiting hormones are released by ___

A

hypothalamus

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5
Q

tsh released by

A

anterior pituitary

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6
Q

tsh function

A

stimulates secretion of thyroid hormones

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7
Q

tsh molecular class

A

peptide

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8
Q

tsh target tissue

A

thyroid gland

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9
Q

acth name

A

adrenocorticotropic hormone

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10
Q

actc molecular class

A

peptide

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11
Q

acth target tissue

A

adrenal cortex

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12
Q

acth secreted by

A

anterior pit

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13
Q

tsh secreted by

A

anterior pit

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14
Q

Releasing and inhibiting hormones secreted by

A

hypothalamus

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15
Q

Releasing and inhibiting hormones molecular class

A

peptide

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16
Q

Releasing and inhibiting hormones target tissue

A

anterior pit

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17
Q

Releasing and inhibiting hormones principal action

A

regulates anterior pit secretion of hormones

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18
Q

fsh full name

A

follicle stimulating hormone

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19
Q

fsh secreted by

A

anterior pit

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20
Q

fsh molecular class

A

peptide

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21
Q

target tissue of fsh

A

ovaries, testes

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22
Q

function of fsh

A

stimulates egg groeth, female sex hormone secretion, sperm production

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23
Q

LH produced by

A

anterior pit

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24
Q

lh full name

A

leuteinizing hormone

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25
Q

lh molecular class

A

peptide

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26
Q

lh target tissue

A

ovaries or testes

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27
Q

lh principal actions

A

regulates ovulation and secretion of male sex hormones

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28
Q

prolactin secreted by

A

anterior pituitary

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29
Q

prolactin molecular class

A

peptide

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30
Q

prolactin target tissue

A

mammary glands

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31
Q

prolactin function

A

stimulates breast development and milk secretion

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32
Q

growth hormone produced by

A

anterior pit

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33
Q

growth hormone molecular class

A

peptide

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34
Q

growth hormone target tissue

A

bone, soft tissue

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35
Q

growth hormone abbreviation

A

GH

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36
Q

prolactin abbreviation

A

PRL

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37
Q

growth hormone function

A

stimulates bone growth, helps control metabolism

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38
Q

msh

A

melanocyte stimulating hormone

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39
Q

msh produced by

A

anterior pit

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40
Q

msh molecular class

A

peptide

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41
Q

target tissue msh

A

melanocytes in skin of some vertebrates

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42
Q

msh actions

A

promotes darkening of the skin

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43
Q

nontropic hormones

A

msh, gh, prl, endorphins, oxytocin, and adh (posterior pit)

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44
Q

endorphins produced by

A

anterior pit

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45
Q

endorphins molecular class

A

peptide

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46
Q

endorphins target tissue

A

pain pathway of pns

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47
Q

endorphin action

A

inhibit perception of pain

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48
Q

adh

A

antidiuretic hormone

49
Q

adh produced by

A

post pit

50
Q

adh molecular class

A

peptide

51
Q

adh target tissue

A

kidneys

52
Q

tropic

A

acting on other glands (endocrine)

53
Q

adh principal action

A

water reabsorption in kidneys (increases bp, blood volume, amount of water in blood) makes more concentrated urine

54
Q

oxytocin produced by

A

posterior pit

55
Q

oxytocin target tissue

A

uterus, mammary glands

56
Q

oxytocin molecular class

A

peptide

57
Q

oxytocin principal actions

A

uterine contraction, milk production+secretion

58
Q

calcitonin produced by

A

thyroid gland

59
Q

calcitonin molecular class

A

peptide

60
Q

calcitonin target tissue

A

bone

61
Q

calcitonin function

A

lowers calcium concentration in blood

62
Q

thyroxine produced by

A

thyroid gland

63
Q

thyroxine molecular class

A

amine

64
Q

thyroxine target cell

A

most cells

65
Q

thyroxine principal actions

A

increase metabolic rate and normal body growth

66
Q

triiodothyronine prod. by

A

thyroid gland

67
Q

thyroxine vs triiodothyronine

A

thyroxine converted to t3 in liver; t3 is more active from

68
Q

t3 mc

A

amine

69
Q

t3 target

A

most cells

70
Q

t3 actions

A

metabolism, normal growth

71
Q

parathyroid hormone

A

pth

72
Q

pth prod by

A

parathyroid gland

73
Q

pth molecular class

A

peptide

74
Q

pth target

A

bone, kidney, intestine

75
Q

pth function

A

raises ca concentration in blood

76
Q

epinephrine and norepinephrine prod by

A

adrenal medulla

77
Q

epinephrine and norepinephrine mc

A

amine

78
Q

epinephrine and norepinephrine targrt

A

sympathetic receptors

79
Q

epinephrine and norepinephrine actions

A

stress response, sympathetic nervous system

80
Q

aldosterone prod by

A

adrenal cortex

81
Q

aldosterone mc

A

steroid

82
Q

aldosterone target tissue

A

kidney tubules

83
Q

aldosterone (mineralocorticoid) actions

A

increases na+ absorption and k+ excretion

84
Q

cortisol (glucocorticoid) prod by

A

adrenal cortex

85
Q

cortisol mc

A

steroid

86
Q

cortisol target

A

body cells, especially muscle, liver, adipose

87
Q

cortisol action

A

increase blood glucose

88
Q

androgens like testosterone produced by

A

testes ( a little by ovaries and adrenal cortex)

89
Q

androgen mc

A

steroid

90
Q

androgen target tissue

A

various

91
Q

androgen function

A

male reproductive development and maintenance

92
Q

oxytocin also produced by

A

testes in small amounts

93
Q

estrogens produced by

A

ovaries

94
Q

ostrogens molecular class

A

steroid

95
Q

estrogen target

A

breast, uterus, other tissues

96
Q

oxytocin actions

A

maturation of sex organs and sex characteristics

97
Q

prolactin and estrogen also produced by

A

testes

98
Q

prolactins produced by

A

ovaries

99
Q

prolactin molecular class

A

steroid

100
Q

prolactin target tissue

A

uterus

101
Q

prolactin principal action

A

prepare and maintain uterine lining

102
Q

example of prolactin

A

progesterone

103
Q

glucagon prod by

A

alpha cells of islet of langerhans on pancreas

104
Q

glucagon mc

A

peptide

105
Q

glucagon target

A

liver

106
Q

glucagon function

A

raise blood glucose

107
Q

insulin prod by

A

beta cells langerhans pancreas

108
Q

insulin mc

A

peptide

109
Q

insulin target

A

most cells

110
Q

insulin actions

A

lowers glucose concentration in blood

111
Q

melatonin secreted by

A

pineal glant

112
Q

melatonin molecular class

A

amine

113
Q

melatonin target

A

brain, anterior pit, reproductive, immune, others

114
Q

melatonin function

A

synchronize body with day

115
Q

growth factors

A

produced by many cells, peptide, affects most cells and regulates cell division and differentiation

116
Q

prostaglandins

A

fatty acid, various tissue targets, have many diverse roles

117
Q

gnrh released and function

A

makes anterior pit release fsh/lh to affect gonads. fsh releases gnrh and estrogens and lh releases androgens, estrogens, and progestins

118
Q

crh release and function

A

crh (hypothalamus), acth, adrenal cortex, glucocorticoids

119
Q

trh pathwa

A

trh (hypothalamus) tsh thyroid glands thyroid hormones

BIOL 2312 Spring 2023 (3 decks)

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