Hormones

Question 1

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Answer 1

Anterior pituitary, tropic peptide, stimulates follicle maturation in females; spermatogenesis in males

Question 2

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Answer 2

Anterior pituitary, tropic peptide, simulates ovulation in females; testosterone synthesis in males

Question 3

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Answer 3

Anterior pituitary, tropic peptide, simulates the adrenal cortex to synthesize and secrete glucocorticoids

Question 4

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

Answer 4

Anterior pituitary, tropic peptide, stimulates thyroid to produce thyroid hormones

Question 5

Prolactin

Answer 5

Anterior pituitary, direct peptide, stimulate milk production and secretion

Question 6

Endorphins

Answer 6

Anterior pituitary, direct peptide, decrease sensation of pain, can promote euphoria

Question 7

Growth hormone (GH)

Answer 7

Anterior pituitary, direct peptide, simulates vine and muscle growth, raise blood glucose levels

Question 8

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Answer 8

Produced in hypothalamus, released by posterior pituitary, peptide, stimulates water absorption in kidneys by increasing permeability of collecting duct

Question 9

Oxytocin

Answer 9

Produced in hypothalamus, released by posterior pituitary, peptide, simulates uterine contractions during labor and milk secretion during lactation

Question 10

Triiodothyronine (T3) and Thyroxine (T4)

Answer 10

Thyroid, amino acid derivative, stimulates metabolic activity

Question 11

Calcitonin

Answer 11

Thyroid, peptide, decreases blood calcium concentrations (compared to parathyroid hormone)

Question 12

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Answer 12

Parathyroid, peptide, increased blood calcium (compared to calcitonin)

Question 13

Glucocorticoids

Answer 13

Adrenal cortex, includes cortisol and cortisone, steroid, increase blood glucose concentrations, decrease protein synthesis, anti-inflammatory

Question 14

Mineralocorticoids

Answer 14

Adrenal cortex, includes aldosterone, steroid, increased water absorption on the kidneys by increasing sodium transportation, promotes potassium and hydrogen ion excretion

Question 15

Epinephrine and Norepinephrine

Answer 15

Adrenal medulla, amino acid derivative, increased blood glucose concentrations and heart rate, dilate bronchi, alter blood flow patterns

Question 16

Glucagon

Answer 16

Pancreas (alpha cells), peptide, stimulates glycogen breakdown, increased blood glucose concentrations

Question 17

Insulin

Answer 17

Pancreas (beta cells), peptide, lowers blood glucose concentrations and promotes anabolic processes

Question 18

Somatostatin

Answer 18

Pancreas (delta cells), peptide, suppresses secretion of glucagon and insulin

Question 19

Testosterone

Answer 19

Testis and adrenal cortex, steroid, induces the development and maintenance of male reproductive system and make secondary characteristics

Question 20

Estrogen

Answer 20

Ovary and placenta, steroid, induces the development and maintenance of female reproductive system and female secondary sex characteristics

Question 21

Progesterone

Answer 21

Ovary and placenta, steroid, promotes maintenance of the endometrium

Question 22

Melatonin

Answer 22

Pineal gland, peptide, involved in circadian rhythms

Question 23

Erythropoietin

Answer 23

Kidney, peptide, stimulates bone marrow to produce erythrocytes

Question 24

Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)

Answer 24

Heart (atria), peptide, promotes salt and water excretion

Question 25

Thymosin

Answer 25

Thymus, peptide, simulates T-cell development