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Biology 30 > Hormones > Flashcards

Hormones Flashcards

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1
Q

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (APG)

A

Target-Thyroid Gland
Function-Stimulates release of thyroxin from the Thyroid.

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2
Q

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (APG)

A

Target- Adrenal Cortex(outer layer)
Function-Stimulates release of long term stress hormones(Cortisol & Aldosterone)

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3
Q

Human Growth Hormone (APG)

A

Target- somatic cells
Function- Promotes growth of the body & promotes daily repair of the body

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4
Q

Follicle Stimulating Hormone (APG)

A

Target-Ovaries & testes
Function- in females, stimulates development of an egg in the ovary
In males, stimulates development of sperm in testes

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5
Q

Lutenizing Hormone (APG)

A

Target-Ovaries & Testes
Function- In females, stimulates ovulation & production of estrogen
In males, stimulates production of testosterone

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6
Q

Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone (APG)

A

Target- Melanocyte (Melanin=pigment)
Function-Stimulates pigment production by melanocytes of skin, hair & iris

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7
Q

Prolactin (APG)

A

Target- Mammary glands
Function- Stimulates & maintains milks production in mammals

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8
Q

Oxytocin (PPG)

A

Target- Uterus, Mammary Glands
Functions- Initiates uterine contractions
Stimulates milk release in mammals

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9
Q

Antidiuretic Hormone (PPG)

A

Target- Kidney tubules
Function- prevents water loss thru kidneys
Promotes reabsorption of water back into blood

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10
Q

Insulin (Pancreas)

A

Target- Body cells, Liver, Muscle
Function- Body cells absorb glucose and store as fat (LT)
Liver & Muscle absorb glucose and store as glycogen (ST)

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11
Q

Glucagon (pancreas)

A

Target- Liver & muscle
Function- Liver & muscle convert glycogen back into glucose
Raises blood glucose levels

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12
Q

Melatonin (Pineal)

A

Target-Thalamus
Function- Makes you drowsy
Cortisol wakes you up; Melatonin helps you fall asleep

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13
Q

Thyroid Releasing Hormone (Hypothalamus)

A

Targets- APG
Function- stimulates APG to release Thyroid stimulating hormone

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14
Q

Thyroxin (Thyroid)

A

Target- somatic cells
Function- burns fuel, creates heat, produce ATP, converts food into tissue

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15
Q

Calcitonin (Thyroid)

A

Target- Bones teeth muscles
Function- absorbs & store calcium from blood
Strong bones & teeth, muscle work

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16
Q

ParaThyroid Hormone (Parathyroid)

A

Target- Bones & Teeth
Function- Bones & Teeth release calcium back into the blood

17
Q

Cortisol (Adrenal Cortex)

A

Target- Somatic Cells
Function- Suppresses inflammation, stimulates break down of fats & protein at site of injury.
Releases glucose to provide stressed body needed energy
Wake up hormone

18
Q

Aldosterone (Adrenal Cortex)

A

Target- Kidney tubules
Function- Causes retention of sodium at kidneys back into the blood
Water is then retained
This stress hormone increases blood pressure

19
Q

Adrenalin (Adrenal Medulla)

A

Target- Somatic cells
Function- Increases sympathetic response (fight or flight)
Increases HR,BR, converts glycogen into glucose, etc

20
Q

Noradrenaline (Adrenal Medulla)

A

Target- Somatic cells
Function- Increases BP by restricting arteries
Focus/attention & memory increases
Your game-face hormone

21
Q

Testosterone (Testes)

A

Target- Body cells
Function- Responsible for male secondary sexual characteristics

22
Q

Inhibin (Testes)

A

Target- hypothalamus
Function- controls Sperm production in males
Slows the release of FSH from the APG

23
Q

Estrogen (Ovaries)

A

Target- Somatic cells
Function- Responsible for female secondary characteristics

24
Q

Progesterone (Ovaries)

A

Target- Uterine Lining
Function- Responsible for maintaining pregnancy
Maintains uterine lining necessary to support a developing fetus

25
Q

Relaxin (Ovaries)

A

Target- Abdomen & birth canal
Function- active during pregnancy & labour
Opens birth canal; allowing the abdomen to stretch/grow with the baby.

26
Q

Gonadotropin releasing hormone (Hypothalamus chemoreceptors)

A

Target- Pituitary Gland
Function- Tells pituitary gland to release androgen

27
Q

Diabetes insipidus

A

A ton of water loss= water retention issue—-> hypothalamus or antidiuretic hormone problems

28
Q

Diabetes

A

Type 1- insulin dependent diabetes, needs daily injections of insulin
Type 2- non insulin dependant, they produce some insulin but not enough to use and store glucose satisfactory.

29
Q

Steroid hormones

A

Fast acting
Free entry through membrane
Direct target

30
Q

Protein hormones

A

Less direct & slower acting
Receptor mediated control

31
Q

Non-Target hormones

A

Targets many different cell types in the body

32
Q

Target hormones

A

Targets specific cell body types

33
Q

Pheromones

A

Used to attract mates, mark territory or act as an alarm substance

34
Q

Local Regulators

A

Neurotransmitters & Histamines (cause swelling)

35
Q

Positive feedback loop

A

Continuous loop—> snowball effect
Bad for homeostasis
Examples- growth spurts

36
Q

Negative Feedback

A

Terminating Loop —> regulates itself
Good for homeostasis
Normal for homeostatic balance in the body

37
Q

Endocrine vs exocrine

A

Endo- tubeless, hormones enter blood stream
Exo- Tubed, products enter a duct or tube

Biology 30 (4 decks)

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