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MY MCAT Bio > Hormones > Flashcards

Hormones Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the role of the releasing and inhibiting factors (peptides) and what gland is it from? What is the target effect of hormone?

A

Releasing and Inhibiting Factors: located in HYPOTHALAMUS PEPTIDE
Target/affect: modifies activity of anterior pituitary.

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2
Q

Describe the location, and affect of Growth Hormone

A

Growth Hormone (GH)- peptide hormone; located in ANTERIOR Pituitary; Increases Bone and muscle growth and Increases cell turn over rate

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3
Q

Describe location, affect and function of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone.

A

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)- Peptide hormone that is TROPIC . TSH targets Thyroid and Increases the Synthesis and release of TH (thyroid hormone)

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4
Q

What is role of Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

A

ACTH peptide hormone; also TROPIC. This hormone will Increase the growth and secretory activity of Adrenal cortex

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5
Q

What is the role, location and function of Luteinizing Hormone?

A

Luteinizing Hormone (LH)- peptide hormone, that is GONADOTROPIC; it targets Ovary/Ovulation, testes/testosterones synthesis.

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6
Q

What is the role and function of Follicle stimulating Hormone?

A

Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)- peptide hormone; it is GONADOTROPIC. it affects Ovary/follicle Development, Testes/Spermatogenesis

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7
Q

What is the role of Antidiuretic Hormone and its function and location?

A

Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH, aka Vasopressin)- peptide hormone located in POSTERIOR pituitary; affects Kidney and water retention.

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8
Q

What is role of Oxytocin hormone?

A

Oxytocin- peptide hormone located in POSTERIOR Pituitary; Affects Breast/milk letdown, Uterus/contraction

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9
Q

What is the role of thyroid hormone (TH, thyroxine)

A 
Thyroid Hormone (TH, Thyroxine) (modified amino acid)- affects child. hormone necessary for Physical and mental development:
In adult, TH Increases metabolic rate and temperature.
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10
Q

Describe the role of calcitonin

A

Calcitonin- peptide hormone; that is seen in THYROID C Cells. it targets bone, kidney: LOWER serum [ Ca^2+}

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11
Q

What is the role of parathyroid hormone and function?

A

Parathyroid Hormone- (PTH)- peptide hormone that is found in PARATHYROID Cells; targets bone, kidney and small intestine ; RAISES Serum [Ca^2+]

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12
Q

What is the role of thymosin?

A

Thymosin - peptide hormone in Children only. It is located in Thymus and affects T cell development during childhood

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13
Q

Describe the role, location and function of Epinephrine

A

Epinephrine- (modified Amino acid); located in ADRENAL MEDULLA and cause a Sympathetic Stress response (RAPID)

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14
Q

Describe the role, location and function of Cortisol (gluococorticoid)

A

Cortisol (glucocorticoid)- STEROID hormone that is located in Adrenal Cortex and has affect on Longer-term stress response; Increase Blood [ Glucose] and Increase protein CATABOLISM (break down), and Decrease Inflammation and Immunity; may other.

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15
Q

Describe the role, location and function of Aldosterone

A

Aldosterone (mineralcorticoid)- STEROID hormone that targets Kidney/ Increase Na+ reabsorption to increase Blood pressure.

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16
Q

What is the role, location and function of sex steroids? How does adrenal tumor affect the steriods?

A

Sex steroids- not normally important? But an adrenal tumor can Overproduce sex steroids, causing Masculinzation and feminization.

17
Q

Describe the role, location and function of Insulin

A

Insulin (secreted by Beta cells)- peptide hormone located in the ENDOCRINE PANCREAS (islets of Langerhans) that Decrease Blood [ Glucose] and Decrease Glycogen and fat storage.

18
Q

Describe the role, location and function of Somatostatin?

A

Somatostatin (SS- Delta cells secrete this hormone)- Peptide hormone in ENDOCRINE PANCREAS that inhibits many digestive processes.

19
Q

Describe the role, location and function of Testosterone

A

Tesosterone- STEROID hormone that is located in TESTES and targets male characteristics, spermatogenesis

20
Q

Describe the role, location and function of Estrogen

A

Estrogen - STEROID hormone that is located in the OVARIES/PLACENTA targets female characteristics, and Endometrial growth

21
Q

Describe the role, location and function of Progesterone

A

Progesterone- STEROID hormone that is located in OVARIES/PLACENTA and targets Endometrial secretion and Pregnancy

22
Q

Describe the role, location and function of Atrial Natriuretic factor (ANF)

A

ANF (atrial natriuretic factor)- peptide hormone that is located in the HEART; targets kidney and Increases Urination to decrease Blood pressure

23
Q

What is the role, location and function of Erytrhopoietin?

A

Erythropoietin- peptide hormone that is located in the kidney and will target BONE MARROW to INCREASE RBC synthesis.

MY MCAT Bio (2 decks)

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