Hormones

Question 1

What is homeostasis?

Answer 1

The maintainance of a constant internal environment within set limits.

Question 2

What is a hormone?

Answer 2

A chemical substance produced by a gland and carried by the blood. It alters the activity of one or more specific target organs.

Question 3

What is adrenaline?

Answer 3

A hormone that chemically controls metabolic activity. It increases blood glucose concentration

Question 4

What are the effects of adrenaline?

Answer 4

It increases breathing rate, pulse rate and widens the pupils.

Question 5

Where is insulin secreted from?

Answer 5

The pancreas

Question 6

What is the function of insulin?

Answer 6

Decreases blood glucose concentration

Question 7

Where does adrenaline come from?

Answer 7

Adrenal glands

Question 8

When is adrenaline secreted?

Answer 8

In ‘fight or flight’ situations, such as when the body is in danger

Question 9

How does adrenaline control metabolic activity?

Answer 9

It chemically controls metabolic activity, including increasing the blood glucose concentration and pulse rate

Question 10

Name of the glands that secrete hormones

Answer 10

Endocrine glands

Question 11

Hormone secreted from ovaries

Answer 11

Oestrogen

Question 12

Hormone secreted from testes

Answer 12

Testosterone

Question 13

Function of oestrogen

Answer 13

Develops secondary sexual characteristics in females

Question 14

Function of testosterone

Answer 14

Develops secondary sexual characteristics in males

Question 15

Difference between the speed of nervous and hormonal control systems

Answer 15

Nervous control systems are fast, while hormonal control systems are slow

Question 16

Difference between the longevity of nervous and hormonal control systems

Answer 16

Short longevity for nervous, greater longevity for hormonal

Question 17

How are signals transferred in nervous control systems

Answer 17

Through electrical impulses

Question 18

Negative feedback

Answer 18

A mechanism used in homeostasis, in which when a change in a parameter brings about actions that push it back towards normal

Question 19

Why does adrenaline increase blood glucose concentration?

Answer 19

Because of the increased respiration in muscle cells

Question 20

Why does adrenaline increase pulse rate and breathing rate?

Answer 20

So glucose and oxygen can be delivered to muscle cells and carbon dioxide can be taken away as quickly as possible

Question 21

Why does adrenaline dilate the pupils?

Answer 21

To allow as much light as possible to reach the retina so more information can be sent to the brain

Question 22

Why is blood flow diverted towards muscles and away from non essential parts like the alimentary canal?

Answer 22

To provide glucose and oxygen for respiration