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Biology - Homeostasis > Hormones > Flashcards

Hormones Flashcards

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1
Q

What is homeostasis?

A

The maintainance of a constant internal environment within set limits.

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2
Q

What is a hormone?

A

A chemical substance produced by a gland and carried by the blood. It alters the activity of one or more specific target organs.

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3
Q

What is adrenaline?

A

A hormone that chemically controls metabolic activity. It increases blood glucose concentration

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4
Q

What are the effects of adrenaline?

A

It increases breathing rate, pulse rate and widens the pupils.

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5
Q

Where is insulin secreted from?

A

The pancreas

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6
Q

What is the function of insulin?

A

Decreases blood glucose concentration

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7
Q

Where does adrenaline come from?

A

Adrenal glands

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8
Q

When is adrenaline secreted?

A

In ‘fight or flight’ situations, such as when the body is in danger

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9
Q

How does adrenaline control metabolic activity?

A

It chemically controls metabolic activity, including increasing the blood glucose concentration and pulse rate

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10
Q

Name of the glands that secrete hormones

A

Endocrine glands

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11
Q

Hormone secreted from ovaries

A

Oestrogen

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12
Q

Hormone secreted from testes

A

Testosterone

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13
Q

Function of oestrogen

A

Develops secondary sexual characteristics in females

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14
Q

Function of testosterone

A

Develops secondary sexual characteristics in males

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15
Q

Difference between the speed of nervous and hormonal control systems

A

Nervous control systems are fast, while hormonal control systems are slow

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16
Q

Difference between the longevity of nervous and hormonal control systems

A

Short longevity for nervous, greater longevity for hormonal

17
Q

How are signals transferred in nervous control systems

A

Through electrical impulses

18
Q

Negative feedback

A

A mechanism used in homeostasis, in which when a change in a parameter brings about actions that push it back towards normal

19
Q

Why does adrenaline increase blood glucose concentration?

A

Because of the increased respiration in muscle cells

20
Q

Why does adrenaline increase pulse rate and breathing rate?

A

So glucose and oxygen can be delivered to muscle cells and carbon dioxide can be taken away as quickly as possible

21
Q

Why does adrenaline dilate the pupils?

A

To allow as much light as possible to reach the retina so more information can be sent to the brain

22
Q

Why is blood flow diverted towards muscles and away from non essential parts like the alimentary canal?

A

To provide glucose and oxygen for respiration

Biology - Homeostasis (4 decks)

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