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Endocrine > Hormone Summary > Flashcards

Hormone Summary Flashcards

1
Q

Name the 6 hormones secreted by the hypothalamus

A

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH),
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH),
Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH),
Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH),
Somatostatin,
Dopamine

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2
Q

What class of hormones are the hormones released by the hypothalamus

A

peptide (except dopamine which is amine)

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3
Q

What is the main target of the hormones released by the hypothalamus & their effects

A

Anterior pituitary gland

TRH - Stimulates TSH & prolactin release
GnRH - Stimulates FSH & LH release
GHRH - Stimulates GH release
CRH - Stimulates ACTH release
Somatostatin - Inhibits GH & TSH release
Dopamine - Inhibits prolactin release

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4
Q

Name the 7 hormones secreted by the anterior pituitary gland

A

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
Adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)
luteinising hormone (LH)
Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
Growth Hormone (GH)
Prolactin
Melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH)

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5
Q

What class of hormones are the hormones released by the anterior pituitary gland

A

Peptide

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6
Q

What is the main target of the hormones released by the anterior pituitary gland & their effects

A

TSH - thyroid (growth & metabolism)
ACTH - Adrenal cortex (metabolism)
LH - gonads (reproduction)
FSH - gonads (reproduction)
GH - liver, bones, muscle (growth)
Prolactin - mammary glands (reproduction)
MSH - melanocytes (homeostasis)

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7
Q

Name the 2 hormones secreted by the posterior pituitary

A

Oxytocin
Anti-diuretic hormone (ADH aka AVP)

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8
Q

What class of hormones are the hormones released by the posterior pituitary gland

A

Peptide

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9
Q

What is the main target of the hormones released by the posterior pituitary gland & their effects

A

Oxytocin - mammary glands & uterus (reproduction)
ADH - Kidneys (homeostasis)

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10
Q

Name the 4 hormones secreted by the thyroid & parathyroid glands

A

Thyroxine (T4)
Triiodothyronine (T4)
Calcitonin (CT)
Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

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11
Q

What class of hormones are the hormones released by the thyroid & parathyroid glands

A

T3 & T4 - amine
CT & PTH - peptide

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12
Q

What is the main target of the hormones released by the thyroid/parathyroid glands & their effects

A

T4 - Most tissues (growth & metabolism)
T3 - Most tissues (growth & metabolism)
CT - Bone & digestive tract (homeostasis)
PTH - Bone & digestive tract (homeostasis)

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13
Q

Name the 2 hormones secreted by the adrenal medulla

A

Adrenaline (epinephrine)
Noradrenaline (norepinephrine)

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14
Q

What class of hormones are the hormones released by the adrenal medulla

A

Amine

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15
Q

What is the main target of the hormones released by the adrenal medulla & their effects

A

Multiple tissues (Homeostasis & metabolism)

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16
Q

Name the 3 hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex

A

Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)
Aldosterone
Glucocorticoids (cortisol, corticosterone)

17
Q

What class of hormones are the hormones released by the adrenal cortex

A

Steroids

18
Q

What class of hormones are the hormones released by the adrenal cortex

A

Steroids

19
Q

What is the main target of the hormones released by the adrenal cortex & their effects

A

DHEA - CNS (growth)
Aldosterone - Kidneys (homeostasis)
Glucocorticoids - Multiple tissues (homeostasis & metabolism)

20
Q

What is the main target of the hormones released by the adrenal cortex & their effects

A

DHEA - CNS (growth)
Aldosterone - Kidneys (homeostasis)
Glucocorticoids - Multiple tissues (homeostasis & metabolism)

21
Q

Name the 3 hormones secreted by the pancreas

A

Insulin (beta cells)
Glucagon (alpha cells)
Somatostatin (delta cells)

22
Q

What class of hormones are the hormones released by the pancreas

A

Peptide

23
Q

What is the main target of the hormones released by the pancreas & their effects

A

Insulin & Glucagon - liver, muscle, adipose tissue (growth, metabolism, homeostasis)
Somatostatin - hypothalamus & stomach parietal cells (growth, metabolism, homeostasis)

24
Q

Name the hormone secreted by the testes, state what class it is, its target organ and its importance/effects

A

Testosterone
Steroid hormone
Acts on testes
Reproduction

25
Q

Name the hormone secreted by the mammary glands, state what class it is, its target organ and its importance/effects

A

Oestrogen
Steroid hormone
Acts on ovaries & uterus
Reproduction

26
Q

Name the 3 hormones secreted by the ovaries

A

Oestradiol
Oestriol
Progesterone

27
Q

What class of hormones are the hormones released by the ovaries

A

steroid

28
Q

What is the main target of the hormones released by the ovaries & their effects

A

Ovaries & uterus ( Reproduction)

29
Q

Name the 2 hormones secreted by the placenta

A

Human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG)
Oestradiol

30
Q

What class of hormones are the hormones released by the placenta

A

hCG (peptide)
Oestradiol (steroid)

31
Q

What is the main target of the hormones released by the placenta & their effects

A

hCG - Uterus (reproduction)
Oestradiol - Ovaries, uterus (reproduction)

32
Q

Where are ADH & oxytocin synthesised vs stored/secreted

A

Synthesised - hypothalamus
Stored/secreted - posterior pituitary

Endocrine (22 decks)

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