hormone deficiency, hypersecretion Flashcards
Increased GH can cause
-prolactin like symptoms
Growth Hormone Excess
before closure of epiphesial plates- gigantism hyperglycemia, if closed acromegaly(due to tumor soft tissue growth) -widely spaced teeth, and increased slant of forehead, prognathism(growth of mandible -increased organ size –hypertrophy of organs, hypertension, compresson of nerves and diabetes.
Growth hormone deficiency
panhypopituitarism, results in dwarfism, Laron has bad receptors. if you treat with IGF you will increase their height.
pituatary stalk injury results in
diabetes insipidus, panhypopituatarism, hyperprolactinemia
hypersecretion of prolactin
Galactorrhea, decreased libido, decreased obulation and spermatogenesis by inhibiting GnRH Prolactinomas- benign tumors, compresses optic chiasm if greater than 15 cm bitemporal hemianopiea,
Prolactin deficiency results in
failure to lactate
Diabetes insipidus
Central-low levels of ADH due to CNS lesion, treated with ADH analogue and dDAVP Nephrogenic- high levels of ADH, defect is V2 receptor, Gs proteins or adenylyl cyclase
Syndrome of inappropriate ADH
oat cell in lung cuases increased ADh secerion, increased water retention and urinary concentration which will decrease the serum osmolarity
Pregnancy and estrogen increases levles of
TBG
Plummers disease
overactive lump, hyperthyroidism
Hypertyroidism causes
thyroid enlargement, overative lump, toxic multinodular goiter
symptoms of hyperthyroidism
irrtability, weight loss, amenorrhea, palpitations, increased bowel movments, heat intolerance, CHF in elderly
causes of hypothyroidism
Haschimoto’s thyroiditis, thyroidectomy, iodide deficiency, secondary, insufficient pituitary action, resistance of organs to TH
hypothyroidism in newborns
iodidedeficiency, placental transver of TSH antibodies. show respiratory problems, jaundice, poor feeding, umbilical hernia, reduction of bone development.
hypothyroidism in children
growth and mental retardation
hypothyroidsim in adults
fatigue, cold intolerance, weight gain, menstrual problems, slow deep tendon reflexes, usually slow relaxation phase, coarse dry skin, bradycardia, constipation myxedema, due to accumulation of GAGs, puffiness
Amenorrhea in hypothyroidism
decrease in T3 means increase in TRH and TSH, Increased TRH causes Increased Prolactin and decrease in GnRH- anovulatory cycle.
Hyperaldosteronism
–increased Na and water retention in plasma and potassium secretion into urine, –increased plasma volume causes hypertension –increased H+ exchanged for ICF K+ leading to alkalosis, and hypokalemia causing muscle wekanesss and arrhytmias
Primary hyperaldosteronism
Conn’s syndrome from an adrenal tumor or hyperplasia, decreased renin levels.
secondary hyperaldosteronism
increased renin levels
hyposecretion of aldosterone
hyperkalemia, decreased K excretion –metabolic acidosis, increased H+ retention Hyponatremia- decreased Na reabsorption decreased extracellular fluid and volume, shock.
21 Beta hydroxylase deficiency
lack of corticosterone/aldosterone, Cortisol and accumulation of progesterone, 17 hydroxy progesterone, and Androtenedione Hypovolemia, hyperkalemia, hypoglycemia due to cortisol, high levels of renin. Hyper androgen production.
17 alpha hydroxylase deficiency
can only synthesize corticosteroids, no cortisol or androgens. hypertension, hypervolumia, hypokalemia and increased sodium retention, low renin levels. Glucocorticoid deficiency but not as asevere because you still have corticosterone.
11 Beta Hydroxylase deficiency
same as 21 beta but you have hyper tension becasue 11deoxycorticosterone can have aldosterone like affects, increased renin, but hypoglycemia
