Hormonal Coordination Flashcards
How are blood glucose levels controlled when blood glucose is too low
Pancreases
Releases glucagon and glycogen is converted into glucose and released into blood
Amino acids and fats are broken down
Blood glucose rises
Blood glucose when levels are too high
Pancreases releases insulin
Glucose moves from blood into cells
Excess glucose is converted into glycogen in the liver and muscle cells for storage
Blood glucose falls
Diabetes
Type 1
Early onset. Pancreas not producing insulin. Treated with insulin injections. Diet and exercise.
Type 2
Later onset. Obesity is a factor
Body doesn’t respond to insulin.
Treated through carbohydrate controlled diet and exercise.
Kidney negative feedback cycle
Low conc of water
Pituitary gland releases more adh
Kidney tubules reabsorb more water
Blood is restored to normal conc in blood
Negative feedback in kidneys
Water conc too high
Pituitary releases less ADH
Kidney tubules reabsorb less water
Lots of urine produced
Blood restored to normal
Kidney dialysis for kidney failure
Blood temporarily removed from patients body
Filtered through a dialysis machine
Patients blood passes over dialysis fluid
Dialysis fluid has no urea
Urea and waste products diffuse from high conc in blood to low conc in fluid.
Patients blood is then returned to
Waste products in digestion
Digested protein results in amino acids
Amino acids are deaminated in the liver to form ammonia
Ammonia is toxic so is converted to urea.
Andrenaline
Produced by andrenal glands
Increases heart rate
Boosts delivery of oxygen and glucose to brains and muscles
Prepares body for fight or flight
Does not involve negative feedback
Thyroxine
Produced in the thyroid gland
Regulates how quickly your body uses energy and makes proteins
Important for growth and development
Levels controlled by negative feedback
