Horizontal Transfer Flashcards
what induces chromosomal rearrangements?
radiation exposure
how will two identical genomes appear in a dotplot?
single diagonal line
what is a consensus sequence?
most recurring base at each position
what is sequence alignment?
the distance/divergence between sequences
how are phylogenetic trees constructed?
aligning the sequence of conserved genes
observing presence/absence of traits
what is multi locus sequence typing?
multigene tree obtained by combining multiple housekeeping genes in a tree
what applications does multi locus sequence typing MLST have?
clinical microbiology - differentiate between pathogen strains
to track virulent strains distribution
what does genome fingerprinting allow?
the detection of polymorphism across species
how is genome fingerprinting carried out?
- ribotyping
- rep PCR
- AFLP
What is ribotyping?
a restriction digest of total genomic DNA - generates fragments separated by gel electrophoresis
band hybridisation generates a fingerprint
what is rep PCR?
primers on conserved repeats to amplify DNA between these repeats
what is AFLP?
digestion of genomic DNA and PCR amplification
what are the advantages and disadvantages of whole genome sequencing?
costly and time consuming but highest level of resolution
what are the steps in gene transfer in bacteria?
- transformation
- conjugation
- transduction
what is transformation in the context of gene transfer?
DNA released from one cell taken up by another cell
most species not capable
