Genome Evolution Flashcards
what are gene families?
group of homologous genes encoding for proteins having a similar function
what are paralogs?
genes that have evolved from a gene duplication - same species related functions
what are orthologs?
same function different species
what are pseudogenes?
do not encode for a protein
what is the core genome?
genes shared by all strains of species
what is the dispensable genome?
genes only present in a few representatives
what is the pan genome composed of?
core and dispensable genomes
what is genetic drift?
casual changes over time in a population - evolution
what are the types of mutation?
neutral, deleterious or beneficial
what is homologous recombination?
DNA exchange between identical regions
- strand invasion - heteroduplex
- crossing - holliday junctions
what is homologous recombination used for?
repair double stranded DNA breaks
what promotes duplications?
homologous recombination in regions flanked by highly repeated regions
what is site directed recombination?
breaking and rejoining strands at specific points
what enzyme is involved in site directed recombination?
recombinase enzyme promotes DNA cleavage and rejoining
what are the products of site directed recombination?
insertion, deletion or inversion
