honors english logical falicies Flashcards
Ad Hominem
an attack on the person, or the character of the person, rather than his or her arguments or opinions
Ad Populum
appeals to the popularity of the claim as a reason to accept it
Begging the Question
an argument that assumes that the premise of the claim is true
False Analogy
an argument that is based on a misleading comparison
Hasty Generalization
a conclusion, or a claim, that is based on insufficient evidence. This happens when the arguer rushes to a conclusion before having enough relevant facts
Non-Sequitur
when a conclusion does not follow from its premises
Post Hoc
when it is assumed that one thing caused another when the two events happen sequentially
Red Herring
a diversion tactic that leads people away from the key or real issues
Slippery Slope
when a person argues that an event will inevitably happen without providing any examples that this may happen
Straw Man
when someone oversimplifies or misrepresents another person’s argument in order to make it easier to attack
Equivocation
also known as a half-truth, when someone tells something that is technically true, but is said to intentionally conceal information
Circular Reasoning:
using an argument to prove itself, instead of providing any evidence
