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Civics > Honors Civics Semester Exam > Flashcards

Honors Civics Semester Exam Flashcards

1
Q

1st amendment

A

protects the five freedoms- RAPPS

Religon, assembly, press,petition, speech (expression)

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2
Q

2nd amendment

A

protects the right to bear arms

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3
Q

3rd amendment

A

outlaws quartering

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4
Q

4th amendment

A

no unreasonable search

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5
Q

5th amendment

A

rights of the accused

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6
Q

6th amendment

A

guarantees a speedy trial

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7
Q

7th amendment

A

guarntes trial by jury and civil suits

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8
Q

8th amendment

A

no cruel or unusual punishment

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9
Q

9th amendment

A

the unspoken rights

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10
Q

10th amendment

A

creates the reserved powers

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11
Q

totalitarian

A

when the government has an excessive amount of control over its citizens

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12
Q

social contract

A

John Locke’s theory that we give up some freedom in order to protect us from others

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13
Q

naturalization

A

the process to become a citizen

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14
Q

liberal

A

the idea that more government can resolve social issues

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15
Q

suffrage

A

the ability to vote

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16
Q

succession

A

the order in which officials would replace other officials if they died or had to step down

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17
Q

bicameral

A

means two chambers

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18
Q

lame duck

A

a official who lost reelection

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19
Q

due process

A

a legal hearing or fair trial

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20
Q

prohibition

A

the illegalization of a substance

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21
Q

federalism

A

the dividing of power between a national governement and state governments

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22
Q

gerrymandering

A

the unfair drawing of political districts for one parties advantage

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23
Q

fillibuster

A

giving lengthy speeches in order to stop a bill formpassing, generally done in the senate

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24
Q

pardon

A

presidential forgiveness for a crime

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25
Q

judicial review

A

when the Supreme court examines an act of government based off the Constitution

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26
Q

line item veto

A

the ability of a governor to cancel parts of a bill

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27
Q

referndum

A

when citizens are asked to directly vote on an issue, such as a tax raise

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28
Q

pork

A

excessive spending added to a a bill

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29
Q

hung jury

A

when a jury cannot reach a decision

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30
Q

naturalization

A

the process to become a citizen

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31
Q

common law

A

law based off of precedent and past rulings

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32
Q

statutory law

A

law written by a legislative body (such as Congress)

33
Q

quota

A

a limited number such as off immigrants

34
Q

open shore

A

a policy where anyone who wants to immigrate are allowed to enter the county (pre 1900s USA)

35
Q

John Locke

A

Created the human rights and social contract

36
Q

Thomas Jefferson

A

primary author of Deceleration of Indpendence

37
Q

Republic

A

an indirect democracy where we elect officials to make decisions

38
Q

Articles of Confederation

A

a weak form of government before the Constitution were students were loosely tied toghther

39
Q

Anti-Federalist

A

opponents to the Constitution, who feared federal government

40
Q

Length of term for Supreme Court Justices

A

Life-federal 10 years- state

41
Q

Secretary of State

A

For the federal government- conduct international relationsFor the state of Illinois- record keeper

42
Q

defendant

A

someone accused of a crime

43
Q

Chinese exclusion act

A

1st american immigration law- stopped all Chinese immigration into the US

44
Q

delegated power

A

a power identified in the Constitution as a federal power

45
Q

concurrent power

A

a power shared between state and federal government

46
Q

reserved power

A

a power that is not identified in the Constitution, therefore is a state power

47
Q

president of the senate

A

aka the Vice President, breaks ties in the senate

48
Q

president pro tempore

A

substitute for the president of the senate

49
Q

speaker of the house

A

presiding officer of the house of representatives

50
Q

Miranda rights

A

rights read to people upon arrest

51
Q

reasonable doubt

A

if there is any chance that someone did not commit a crime they are to be ruled

52
Q

comptroller

A

manages the account balance for the state

53
Q

checks and balances

A

the process by which one branch of government cancelsthe powers of others

54
Q

popular soverignty

A

the idea that people rule

55
Q

mayor council plan

A

the most common form of local government with a legislative branch and executive branch

56
Q

property tax

A

a tax put on the value of property, in Illinosi one of the primary sources of school funding

57
Q

Connecticut Compromise

A

during the Constitution this created a bicameral government to satisfy debate between large states and small states

58
Q

General assembly

A

the legislative branch of Illinois

59
Q

The State Department

A

In charge of foreign affairs

60
Q

Elastic clause

A

aka the General welfare clause, allows Congress to make any law neccessary for the well being of the US

61
Q

Clear and Present Danger clause

A

speech that could endanger others by creating panic, such as shouting fire in a crowded theater

62
Q

Progressive tax

A

a tax which increases percentage of tax as income increases, such as the income tax

63
Q
A
64
Q
A
65
Q

proportional tax

A

a tax where everyone pays the same percent of their income

66
Q

regressive tax

A

a tax where the percent of income pays as income decreases, such as a set fee.- e.g. licensce plates

67
Q

estate tax

A

a tax on peoples belngings after their death

68
Q

excise tax

A

sometimes called a sin tax, put on goods to reduce sale of it, such as the cigarette tax

69
Q

Voting Rights

A

Overtime it has varied greatly- because voting is a stet power. Originally only white land owning men could vote. Many amendments have changed this, even some states has denied voting after amendments.. such as grand father cluases, literacy tests etc.

70
Q

Explain compromises to the Constitution.

A

The Great compromise- bicameral legislature

The Bill fo Rights- to settle Anti-Federalist fears

3/5 compromise- to settles disputes about counting slaves for representation

71
Q

Differences between the Illinois Constitution and US Constitution

A

Illinois is newer- 1970, has 14 articles, Governor has unlimited terms, both have a bill of rights

72
Q

Differences between democratc and republicans

A

Dems- liberal, more government, cost more, so more tax or debt

Rep-conservative, less govt., less tax

73
Q

supply side economics

A

the belief that it is important to set the correct tax rate

believes in the Laffer curve

tcalled trickle down economics

popular with conservatives

74
Q

demand side economics

A

the belief that in times of economic trouble the govt needs to spend and go into debt

Called keynsian economics

Believes in the multiplier effect

more popular amongst liberals

75
Q

precedent

A

past court rulings- basis for common law

76
Q

ex post facto

A

making an act illegal after the fact, not allowed in the US Constitution

77
Q

jus sanguinis

A

the rule of blood, if eithe rof your parents are citizens you are born a citizen

78
Q

jus soili

A

the rule of soil, people born on American soil are born citizens, created by the 14th amendment, creates the anchor baby problem

79
Q

the five freedoms

A

speech

press

religon

assembly

petition

and press- be able to explain each

Civics (3 decks)

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