honors chem

Question 1

How to round for sig figs when multiplying/dividing?

Answer 1

Smallest number of sig figs in original

Question 2

Sig figs for adding/subtracting?

Answer 2

Smallest number of decimal places in original

Question 3

List the significant zeroes

Answer 3

Trapped/captive, trailing with decimal

Question 4

List unsignificant zeroes

Answer 4

Leading, trailing w/o decimal

Question 5

What is conserved during physical and chemical change?

Answer 5

Mass

Question 6

Distillation separates mixtures based on what?

Answer 6

Differences based on boiling point

Question 7

Chromatography separates mixtures based on what?

Answer 7

Differences based on polarity

Question 8

Explain how paper chromatography works

Answer 8

Component most similar in polarity to mobile phase moves up farthest.

Question 9

Isotopes

Answer 9

Diff number of neutrons

Question 10

Ions

Answer 10

Diff number of electrons

Question 11

What is something called when it has a different number of protons?

Answer 11

Entirely new element w new name

Question 12

Dalton’s postulates wrong about

Answer 12

Existence of subatomic particles and isotopes

Question 13

What did the Cathode ray tube discover

Answer 13

negatively charged electron

Question 14

What did the gold foil exp. dicover?

Answer 14

Dense, positively charged nucleus and mostly empty space in atom

Question 15

How many electrons can each orbital hold?

Answer 15

2

Question 16

Aufbau principle

Answer 16

Fill lowest energy level orbital first

Question 17

What are the rows called?

Answer 17

Periods

Question 18

What are columns called?

Answer 18

Groups/families

Question 19

Everything in the same group has ____ bc ____

Answer 19

similar properties bc they have same number of valence electrons

Question 20

Strength of IMFs and Bulk Solids

Answer 20

lDF < Dipole-dipole < H-bond < ionic < metallic < network covalent

Question 21

Increase in IMFs corresponds to?

Answer 21

Increased boiling point, melting point, surface area, viscosity

Question 22

Mole highway pathway

Answer 22

grams A –> moles A –> moles B –> grams B

Question 23

% composition by mass for a ____ does not change

Answer 23

pure compound

Question 24

Empirical formula rhyme

Answer 24

% to mass, mass to mole, divide by small, times until whole; get the simplest whole # ratio of the moles in compound

Question 25

% yield

Answer 25

experimental/theoretical

Question 26

% error

Answer 26

(experimental - theoretical)/theoretical

Question 27

Rate affecting factors

Answer 27

temperature, conc./pressure, surface area, catalyst

Question 28

Rate constant has units based on

Answer 28

overall order of rxn (1-n)

Question 29

q>k means

Answer 29

too many products, reverse rate increases, shifts left

Question 30

q<k means

Answer 30

too many reactants, forwards rate increases, shifts right

Question 31

Use 5% rule when

Answer 31

k<1 and x <5% of starting conc.

Question 32

Strong acids and bases _____

Answer 32

dissociate completely

Question 33

Weak acids and bases _____

Answer 33

only dissociate a little

Question 34

Use ICE Tables for

Answer 34

weak acids and bases

Question 35

Equivalence point for titration is when

Answer 35

moles of acid = moles of base

Question 36

Oxidation is

Answer 36

loss of e-

Question 37

Reduction is

Answer 37

gain of e-