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Nat5 Chemistry > Homologus Series And Everyday Chemicals > Flashcards

Homologus Series And Everyday Chemicals Flashcards

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1
Q

Why are alcohols used as fuels

A

Because they are highly flammable and burn with very clean flames

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2
Q

What alcohols are miscible with water

A

Methanol, ethanol and propanol

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3
Q

What happens to the solubility of alcohols as the size of the molecule increases

A

The solubility decreases

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4
Q

Why does the boiling points of the alcohols increase as the size goes up

A

Because there are more bonds making the molecule stronger and harder to break apart

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5
Q

What is the functional group of alcohols

A

Hydroxyl

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6
Q

True or false alcohols are saturated

A

True

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7
Q

What is the general formula for alcohols

A

CnH2n +1 OH

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8
Q

What are some household uses of carboxylic acids

A

Soaps, medicine and vinegar (a solution of ethanoic acid)

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9
Q

What carboxylic acids are miscible in water

A

Methanoic, ethanoic, propanoic and butanoic acid

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10
Q

What is the functional group of carboxylic acids

A

Carboxyl

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11
Q

Are carboxylic acids saturated or unsaturated

A

Saturated

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12
Q

What is the general formula for carboxylic acids

A

CnH2n+1 COOH

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13
Q

What does exothermic mean

A

A reaction process that releases heat

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14
Q

What does endothermic mean

A

A reaction process that takes in heat energy

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15
Q

What happens in combustion

A

A substance reacts with oxygen realising energy

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16
Q

What is the equation for the quantity of heat energy released

A

Eh= cm^T

17
Q

What is a homologous series

A

A family of compounds with the same general formula and similar chemical properties

18
Q

What is a hydrocarbon

A

A compound containing only carbon and hydrogen atoms

19
Q

What does it mean when a compound is described as saturated

A

The compound contains only carbon to carbon single bonds

20
Q

What does it mean when a compound is described as unsaturated

A

The compound contains at least one carbon to carbon double bond

21
Q

How do you test for unsaturation

A

Unsaturated compounds decolourise bromine solution quickly

22
Q

What are isomers

A

Compounds with the same molecular formula but a different structural formulae

23
Q

Are alkanes saturated or unsaturated

A

Saturated

24
Q

What is the chemical formula for alkanes

A

CnH2n +2

25
Q

True or false alkanes are insoluble in water

A

True

26
Q

What is the first hydrocarbon in the alkane homologous series

A

Methane

27
Q

Are cycloalkanes saturated or unsaturated

A

Saturated

28
Q

How are cycloalkanes used

A

As files and solvents

29
Q

What is the general formula for cycloalkanes

A

CnH2n

30
Q

What is the first hydrocarbon in the cycloalkane homologous series

A

Cyclopropane

31
Q

Are alkenes saturated or unsaturated

A

Unsaturated

32
Q

How are alkenes used

A

To make polymers and alcohols

33
Q

What functional group do alkenes have

A

Carbon to carbon double bonds

34
Q

What is the general formula for alkenes

A

CnH2n

35
Q

What are the three types of addition reactions

A

Hydration, halogenation and hydrogenation

36
Q

What is added in a hydrogenation reaction

A

Hydrogen

37
Q

What is added in a halogenation reaction

A

Halogens normally bromine

38
Q

What is added during a hydration reaction

A

Water

Nat5 Chemistry (3 decks)

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