Homologus Series And Everyday Chemicals Flashcards
Why are alcohols used as fuels
Because they are highly flammable and burn with very clean flames
What alcohols are miscible with water
Methanol, ethanol and propanol
What happens to the solubility of alcohols as the size of the molecule increases
The solubility decreases
Why does the boiling points of the alcohols increase as the size goes up
Because there are more bonds making the molecule stronger and harder to break apart
What is the functional group of alcohols
Hydroxyl
True or false alcohols are saturated
True
What is the general formula for alcohols
CnH2n +1 OH
What are some household uses of carboxylic acids
Soaps, medicine and vinegar (a solution of ethanoic acid)
What carboxylic acids are miscible in water
Methanoic, ethanoic, propanoic and butanoic acid
What is the functional group of carboxylic acids
Carboxyl
Are carboxylic acids saturated or unsaturated
Saturated
What is the general formula for carboxylic acids
CnH2n+1 COOH
What does exothermic mean
A reaction process that releases heat
What does endothermic mean
A reaction process that takes in heat energy
What happens in combustion
A substance reacts with oxygen realising energy
What is the equation for the quantity of heat energy released
Eh= cm^T
What is a homologous series
A family of compounds with the same general formula and similar chemical properties
What is a hydrocarbon
A compound containing only carbon and hydrogen atoms
What does it mean when a compound is described as saturated
The compound contains only carbon to carbon single bonds
What does it mean when a compound is described as unsaturated
The compound contains at least one carbon to carbon double bond
How do you test for unsaturation
Unsaturated compounds decolourise bromine solution quickly
What are isomers
Compounds with the same molecular formula but a different structural formulae
Are alkanes saturated or unsaturated
Saturated
What is the chemical formula for alkanes
CnH2n +2
True or false alkanes are insoluble in water
True
What is the first hydrocarbon in the alkane homologous series
Methane
Are cycloalkanes saturated or unsaturated
Saturated
How are cycloalkanes used
As files and solvents
What is the general formula for cycloalkanes
CnH2n
What is the first hydrocarbon in the cycloalkane homologous series
Cyclopropane
Are alkenes saturated or unsaturated
Unsaturated
How are alkenes used
To make polymers and alcohols
What functional group do alkenes have
Carbon to carbon double bonds
What is the general formula for alkenes
CnH2n
What are the three types of addition reactions
Hydration, halogenation and hydrogenation
What is added in a hydrogenation reaction
Hydrogen
What is added in a halogenation reaction
Halogens normally bromine
What is added during a hydration reaction
Water
