homeostasis lab Flashcards
Insulin:
lowers blood glucose levels
Glucagon
Increases blood glucose
When CO2 exits blood at the alveoli, how does the ph of the blood change?
the PH goes up and is less acidic, more like a base
What hormone causes the liver to store glucose as glycogen?
Insulin
Functional unit of kidney:
nephron
Nephron tubules work to produce:
urine
What does the renal medulla contain?
renal pyramids consisting of the loops of nephrons and collecting ducts
What is the renal pelvis function?
Receives urine from the collecting ducts
What does the renal cortex hold?
most regions of the nephrons.
Glomerular Filtration:
waters, salts and nutrient molecules and waste molecules move from the glomerulus to the inside of the glomerulus capsule. These small molecules are called glomerular filtrate.
Tubular reabsorption:
Nutrient and salt molecules are actively reabsorbed from the convoluted tubules into the peritubular capillary network, and water flows passively.
Tubular Secretion:
Certain molecules such as H+ and penicillin are secreted from peritubular capillary network into convoluted tubes.
nephron pathway:
afferent arteriole to glomerulus to proximal convoluted tube to loop of nephron to peritubular capillary to distal convoluted tubule to collecting duct
Cells and proteins will not be in filtrate because they are too:
big
Kidneys can help maintain homeostasis by:
helping to maintain blood volume and blood pressure.
Water and salts are reabsorbed in the peritubular capillary to:
maintain blood volume and blood pressure.
Urea formula:
NH2-C-NH2
Which organ makes urea?
Liver
What do kidneys produce?
urine
The presence of NH4+ in urine illustrates which of the kidneys functions?
excreting H+ ions helps regulate pH.
Glucose in urine means that person has:
diabetes
Blood in urine means that person has:
infection
__ is released by liver. ___ is stored in liver:
Glucose is released and glycogen is stored.
Path for blood glucose:
Intestinal arteriers to digestive tracts to hepatic portal vein to liver to hepatic vein to inferior vena cava to heart.
Which blood vessel contains the most glucose before your next meal?
hepatic vein
the liver produces___ which is excreted by the ___.
Urea; kidney
When molecules leave the glomerulus, they enter what portion of the nephron?
Bowmans Capsule
Name a substance in the glomerular filtrate but not in urine:
glucose
Name the process by which molecules move from the proximal convoluted tubule into the blood:
Tubular reabsprotion
H+ is excreted in combination with what molecule?
Ammonia
When we exhale, the diaphragm relaxes and moves in which direction?
upward
What blood vessel lies between the intestines and liver?
hepatic portal vein
The liver removes the amino group from amino acids to form what molecule?
urea
