Homeostasis (B)

Question 1

what is homeostasis?

Answer 1

Maintenance of a constant internal environment

Question 2

What are internal conditions

Answer 2

States/conditions of the inside of the body e.g. hear rate

Question 3

What is the nervous system

Answer 3

communication system of the body made up of the brain pancreas and spinal cord

Question 4

What does receptors do

Answer 4

detect changes in the environment and pass information to the CNS

Question 5

What is the CNS

Answer 5

Receives and processes the information which sends instructions to the effector

Question 6

What is the effector

Answer 6

A muscle which contracts or gland which releases a hormone.

Question 7

Reflex Arc

Answer 7

• Stimulus is detected by receptor
• Electrical impulse pass from receptor along sensory neurone to the CNS ( connected bto receptor)
  -The synapses at th end of the S.N releases a chemical which diffuses to the relay neurone in cns to trigger elecctrical impulses
  A synapse and chemical is released to trigger in a motor neurone
  goes to effector which makes muscle retract or gland release hormone

Question 8

What is the endocrine system

Answer 8

A number of glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream which each act on specific organs

Question 9

difference of nervous and endocrine system

Answer 9

• uses electrical impulses using neurones
  -endocrine uses hormones in bloodstream
  -nervous system signalling is fast and shorter lasting
  -endocrine is slower than nervous but longer lasting

Question 10

What consists in endocrine system

Answer 10

-pituitary gland
-thyroid
-adrenal
-pancreas
-ovaries
-testes

Question 11

what do each gland produce

Answer 11

Pituitary: FSH, LH, TSH, AH
Thyroid: thyroxine
Adrenal: adrenaline
Pancreas: insulin
Ovaries: oestrogen
Testes: testosterone

Question 12

What is the pituitary gland

Answer 12

master gland in the brain that can release a number of hormones

Question 13

how does blood glucose rise and fall

Answer 13

-b.g rises after eating
-signalled by the pancreas to produce insulin in the blood
-insulin causes cells to remove glucose from blood
-liver and muscle cells can convert glucose into glycogen (insoluble) and store it
-removing glucose from blood causes b.g to fall: which causes pancreas to produce glucagon
-glycogen in muscle and liver cells return to blood and causes b.g to rise

Question 14

Difference with type 1 and type 2 diabetes

Answer 14

type 1:
-pancreas stops producing insulin
-treated with insulin injections
type 2:
-body stops responding to insulin/becomes sensitive
-treated with diet and exercise to stimulate the body to become sensitive to insulin
-obesity