Homeostasis and Respone

Question 1

What is the:
Stimulus
Receptor
Response
For fireworks?

Answer 1

Sound
Ears
Fingers on ears

Question 2

What are the 5 sense organs and their stimulus.(One organ has 2 stimuluses)

Answer 2

Eyes- Light
Tongue- Chemicals
Nose-Chemicals
Skin-Pressure
Ears-Sound
Ears-Change in position

Question 3

What 2 senses do ears have

Answer 3

1. hearing
   2.balance

Question 4

What is a stimulus

Answer 4

Change in an environment

Question 5

What is a receptor

Answer 5

The part of the body detecting what has happened

Question 6

what is a response

Answer 6

what you do

Question 7

what does a nerve cell(neurone) carry?

Answer 7

Electrical impulses

Question 8

nerve impulse pathway:
put these words in order:
effector
sensory nerve
motor neurone
receptor
stimulus
response
cns

Answer 8

1. stimulus
   2.receptor
   3.sensory neurone
   4.cns
2. motor neurone
   6.effector
   7.response

Question 9

give an example of a receptor

Answer 9

eyes

Question 10

give an example of a effector

Answer 10

muscles contracting

Question 11

where is the cns located

Answer 11

brain

Question 12

what is a synapse

Answer 12

a junction/gap between 2 neurones

Question 13

what happens at a synapse
(3 steps)

Answer 13

chemicals (neurotransmitters) are released.
they then diffuse.
they fit receptor sites and start an electrical impulse to the next neurone

Question 14

what is a reflex action

Answer 14

automatic reaction that doesn’t involve the brain

Question 15

how many and what neurones are involved in reflex action

Answer 15

3. sensory.
   motor.
   relay

Question 16

put these neurones in order in reflex action:
sensory, motor, relay

Answer 16

sensory>relay>motor

Question 17

why is reflex action so fast (2 reasons)

Answer 17

only 3 neurones
less synapses

Question 18

what is the reflex pathway?

Answer 18

same as nerve impulse except for relay neurone instead of cns

Question 19

what is homeostasis

Answer 19

maintaining internal body conditions for optimal cell activity

Question 20

what happens when the body is to hot (3)

Answer 20

erector muscles relax
sweat
enzymes denature

Question 21

what happens when the body is to cold (2)

Answer 21

less heat energy
erector muscles contract

Question 22

how does the body regulate water

Answer 22

adh is sent from hypothalamus to kidneys and this controls how much water is absorbed in the blood

Question 23

how does the body regulate ions

Answer 23

kidneys release or absorb ions to keep them at the correct level

Question 24

how does the body regulate temp

Answer 24

sweat
shiver

Question 25

how does the body regulate blood sugar if high

Answer 25

insulin converts glucose into glycogen,

Question 26

give 3 differences between hormones and nerves

Answer 26

hormones: chemical messages travel in blood slow longer lasting nerves: electrical impulses travel along neurones quick short lived

Question 27

what is the endocrine system

Answer 27

where hormones are released by glands to target organs to bring about its desired effect

Question 28

name the 6 glands and the hormone they control

Answer 28

pituitary-growth thyroid-thyroxin pancreas-insulin adrenal-adrenaline ovary-oestrogen + progesterone testicles-testosterone

Question 29

what does thyroxin do

Answer 29

controls metabolism

Question 30

what does insulin control

Answer 30

glucose

Question 31

what does adrenalin do

Answer 31

fight or flight hormone

Question 32

what does oestrogen +progesterone do

Answer 32

controls menstrual cycle

Question 33

what does test do

Answer 33

controls sperm and puberty

Question 34

what does eating do to your blood sugar

Answer 34

increases it

Question 35

what is released once your blood sugar increases

Answer 35

Insulin

Question 36

where does insulin head to when blood sugar is to high and what happens?

Answer 36

liver. Which tells it to take in glucose

Question 37

what does your pancreas do when glucose is low

Answer 37

releases glycogen.

Question 38

what does glycogen break down into

Answer 38

glucose

Question 39

where is glycogen broken into glucose

Answer 39

liver

Question 40

what is neutralised when glycogen is broken down into glucose

Answer 40

Blood sugar

Question 41

what are the differences between type 1 and 2 diabeties (2)

Answer 41

type1: pancreas doesn't make enough insulin usually inherited from parent controlled by insulin injections, type2: pancreas makes insulin however body doesn't respond to it likely if obese

Question 42

how is diabeties controlled

Answer 42

low sugar diet and exercise

Question 43

what happens to glucose when you have diabeties

Answer 43

the levels in your blood are high

Question 44

what 2 hormones are produced in the pituitary gland

Answer 44

FSH, LH

Question 45

function of fsh (2)

Answer 45

causes egg to mature in ovary stimulates oestrogen production

Question 46

function of oestrogen (2)

Answer 46

causes uterus lining to grow stimulates release of LH

Question 47

function of LH (1)

Answer 47

stimulates release of an egg

Question 48

what day is the egg released

Answer 48

14

Question 49

function of progesterone (1)

Answer 49

maintain uterus lining during second half of cycle

Question 50

what happens when progesterone is low

Answer 50

uterus lining breaks down

Question 51

put these in order. Oestrogen , FSH, LH, progesterone

Answer 51

FOLP

Question 52

when is ovulation

Answer 52

day 14

Question 53

how long does a period last

Answer 53

3-5 days

Question 54

give 2 examples of hormonal contraception

Answer 54

pill implants

Question 55

give 4 examples of non hormonal contraception

Answer 55

condoms diaphragm sterilisation natural

Question 56

what is the intrauterine method

Answer 56

inserting a small structure into the uterus

Question 57

how does an implant work

Answer 57

slowly releases progesterone , stopping an egg maturing

Question 58

how might a female become infertile

Answer 58

hormone problems problems with uterus lining blocked fallopian tubes ovaries not releasing eggs

Question 59

how might a male become infertile

Answer 59

poor sperm quality hormone problems low sperm count blocked/ damaged tubes

Question 60

what are the cons of IVF

Answer 60

emotionally and physically stressful expensive a risk to mothers life can lead to multiple births

Question 61

where does ivf happen

Answer 61

petri dish

Question 62

what are the first 4 stages of IVF

Answer 62

1. mother given FSH+ LH 2.egg placed in dish 3. semen collected 4. egg and sperm mixed

Question 63

what are the last 2 stages of IVF

Answer 63

5. eggs checked for fertilisation and allowed to develop into embryos 6. one or two embryos placed in uterus

Question 64

How does the body regulate blood sugar if low

Answer 64

Release insulin