Homeostasis and Human Body Systems

Question 1

Define Homeostasis

Answer 1

to regulate/maintain a stable internal environment while the external environment changes.

Question 2

How do Organisms detect and respond to change?

Answer 2

A variety of ways; both at the micro and macro level.

Question 3

How do plants maintain Homeostasis?

Answer 3

guard cells fill up with water during photosynthesis, regulating the flow of water into its pores.

Question 4

Guard cells are aka…

Answer 4

Stoma, Stomata, Stomate

Question 5

True or False: The body’s Systems interact with one another to allow you to maintain homeostasis.

Answer 5

True

Question 6

Integumentary System; Major Structures

Answer 6

Skin, Hair, and Nails (made up of keratin)

Question 7

Muscular System; Major Structures

Answer 7

Skeletal, Smooth, and Cardiac Muscle Tissues; Tendons

Question 8

Nervous System; Major Structures

Answer 8

Brain, Spinal Cord, Nerves, and Sense organs

Question 9

Skeletal System; Major Structures

Answer 9

Bones, Ligaments, and Cartilage

Question 10

What does the Integumentary system do?

Answer 10

It protects the body against injury, infection, and fluid loss. This body system also helps regulate body temperature.

Question 11

What does the Muscular system do?

Answer 11

It moves limbs, and substances through the body. It provides structure and support as well.

Question 12

What does the Nervous system do?

Answer 12

It regulates behavior; maintains homeostasis; regulates all other organ systems; and controls senses and movement.

Question 13

What does the Skeletal system do?

Answer 13

It provides protection and support for the body and organs; it works with skeletal muscles; it produces red blood cells through the bone marrow, white blood cells, and platelets.

Question 14

Skeletal & Muscular Systems

Answer 14

Muscular; enables movement
Skeletal; provides support and protection for tissues and organs.

Question 15

What attaches bone to bone?

Answer 15

Ligaments.

Question 16

What attaches muscle to bone?

Answer 16

Tendons.

Question 17

What cushions two bones?

Answer 17

Cartilage.

Question 18

Voluntary VS. Involuntary

Answer 18

CAN be controlled VS. CANNOT be controlled.

Question 19

Two bones moving the other way are called…

Answer 19

Joints.

Question 20

When one muscle in the pair contracts, the other muscle…

Answer 20

relaxes to produce movement.

Question 21

3 Types of Muscle cells

Answer 21

1) Cardiac Muscle, makes up the heart and is what keeps it pumping.
2) Skeletal Muscle, what moves your bones.
3) Smooth Muscle, makes up various organs like the stomach, veins, intestines, bladder, etc.

Question 22

Why do babies have more bones than full-grown adults?

Answer 22

Their bones are not yet fused together. As you grow older, your bones would fuse together.

Question 23

Integumentary System

Answer 23

protects the body from UV radiation and injury; defends against disease, helps regulate temperature, and prevents the body from drying out.

Question 24

1st layer and 2nd layer of the skin is called…

Answer 24

Epidermis and Dermis.

Question 25

Dead cells aka…

Answer 25

Keratin.

Question 26

What is something in your skin that helps you maintain homeostasis?

Answer 26

Sweat glands.

Question 27

What is melanin?

Answer 27

The pigment in your hair, and skin that protects it from UV light.

Question 28

True or False; Damage to large areas of skin disallows bacteria to enter the body.

Answer 28

False.

Question 29

True or False; Keratin acts as waterproofing.

Answer 29

True.

Question 30

What does a network of blood vessels and nerves do in the dermis?

Answer 30

Help regulate body temperature.

Question 31

Nervous System

Answer 31

Responds to information about the body’s internal and external environment.

Question 32

CNS

Answer 32

Central Nervous System, includes the brain and spinal cord.

Question 33

PNS

Answer 33

Peripheral Nervous System includes sensory and motor nerves (neurons.)

Question 34

Sensory Nerves VS. Motor Nerves

Answer 34

Sensory; think sense. carries signals from sense organs
Motor; think movement. carries commands from CNS to muscles, organs, and glands.

Question 35

Sensory and Motor Nerves have two groups…

Answer 35

Autonomic NS- containing non-conscious activities.
Somatic NS- contains conscious activities.

Question 36

The Brain

Answer 36

composed of the cerebrum, cerebellum, medulla, pons, and the thalamus and hypothalamus.

Question 37

Cerebrum

Answer 37

the largest part of the brain that controls most sensory and motor processing (sense and movement)

Question 38

Cerebellum

Answer 38

regulates balance, posture, and movement.

Question 39

Medulla

Answer 39

part of the brainstem that controls activities that keep you alive (breathing, heart rate, blood pressure)

Question 40

Pons

Answer 40

part of the brainstem that controls the sleep/wake cycle and handles sensations to the face and head.

Question 41

Thalamus

Answer 41

controls your pulse, thirst, hunger, and other processes that happen automatically.

Question 42

Hypothalamus

Answer 42

the body’s smart control coordinating center, and maintains homeostasis. works with your autonomic nervous system and manages hormones. (also with emotions)