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Physiology > Homeostasis > Flashcards

Homeostasis Flashcards

1
Q

is homeostasis dynamic or a static process? and why?

A

It is dynamic. It is constantly changing to have everything at equal/needed concentrations

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2
Q

What are the two levels of homeostasis?

A

Cellular Homeostasis and Extracellular Fluid Homeostasis

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3
Q

what is the relationship between ECF and cellular homeostasis?

A

ECF homeostasis is necessary for the cellular homeostasis. It relies on the components of ECF to be in its “happy” state so the cell can function properly.

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4
Q

What are the two levels of ECF homeostasis?

A

Local and Systemic Homeostasis

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5
Q

Role of local homeostasis?

A
  • maintain constant ECF environment
  • utilizes paracrine and autocrines
  • mostly restricted to a tissue space
  • maintains function of tissues
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6
Q

when we think about homeostasis are we thinking about ECF or cellular homeostasis?

A

ECF

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7
Q

Role of systemic homeostasis?

A
  • involves the entire body
  • uses the Nervous system and endocrine system
  • maintains function of the heart and brain
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8
Q

Endocrine Systemic Homeostasis Summary

A

-hormone can target one or more places in the body

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9
Q

Nervous Systemic Homeostasis Summary

A

-nerve cell electrical signal releases a neurotransmitter that is in close proximity neuron or effector cell

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10
Q

Paracrine Local Homeostasis Summary

A

targets to cells in close proximity

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11
Q

Autorcrines Local Homeostasis Summary

A

it targets itself since it is acting on the same cell

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12
Q

If there is too much [ ] in the ECF where does it go

A
  • to storage deposits
  • a net loss through metabolism
  • excretion from body (through lungs, GI tract, kidneys, skin, menstrual flow)
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13
Q

If there is not enough [ ] in the ECF where does it get more?

A
  • it gets it through food, air and synthesis of the body

- but most likely storage deposits

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14
Q

What causes a stimulus to be stimulated?

A

-change in ECF composition ([ ] of something), body temperature, blood pressure

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15
Q

What is the threshold stimulus of reflect receptor?

A
  • it determines the amplitude of normal range

- the min stimulus required to activate reflex receptor and helps determine the normal range

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16
Q

What is used only is NS reflexes

A

Afferent Pathway, meaning it is not endocrine

17
Q

Why does the afferent pathway not work for endocrine?

A

Because the reflex center for endocrine is ON the integrating center, so it doesn’t have an efferent pathway because it doesn’t have to carry anything from the reflex receptors to integrating center because they are connected.

18
Q

What is the integrating center?

A

-receives stimulus, analyzes the information and then generates a response

19
Q

What is the efferent pathway?

A

It carries commands from integrating center to effectors

20
Q

What are the integrating centers for ES

A

Endocrine gland

21
Q

What are the integrating centers for NS

A

brain/spinal cord

22
Q

What are the efferent pathway for ES

A

Hormones (travel via blood)

23
Q

What are the efferent pathway for NS

A

motor neurons

24
Q

What is the effector?

A

any cell affected by efferent pathway, meaning if there is a change in function in response to efferent pathway

25
Q

What are the two levels of the effector response?

A
  1. Local effector response 2. Systemic effector response
26
Q

What is the local effector response?

A

how the cell aka the effector function changes in response to the efferent pathway

27
Q

What is the systemic effector response?

A

How ECF changes by the local effector response

28
Q

Can different efferent pathways create the same systemic effector response?

A

Yes. You can have the same systemic response but have different local responses.

29
Q

What is the feedback regulation?

A

how the systemic effector response changes the function of the reflex receptor

30
Q

What are the two types of feedback regulation?

A

negative and positive feedback

31
Q

How does the negative feedback work

A

it removes the stimulus and turns off the reflex receptor

32
Q

How does the positive feedback work

A

Further enhances stimulus and increases the systemic effector response

33
Q

What is the principle of homeostatic processes: tonic level of activity

A

even at rest, it is somewhat active

34
Q

What is the principle of homeostatic processes: Antagonistic control

A

a single systemic effector response is controlled by two different efferent pathways but in opposite directions (ex: parasym vs symp)

Physiology (6 decks)

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