Homeostasis+ Flashcards
Osmoregualtion. Explain too much water in body and too little
When your body gains water from food and drink. TOO much water in body , the brain detects that there has been a change and causes more water to be excreted with the urine.
When your body loses water when breathing out,in sweat or in urine
The brain detects change and causes less water to be excreted.
Lots of watery urine when too much water in body
Too little ?
Small amount of concentrated urine when too little water in body
Thermoregulation. Explain what happens when body temperature rises
- Body temp rises due to exercise or hot environment
- hypothalamus in brain detects rise and cause s body responses
- blood flow changes to flow nearer the skin
- sweat glands release more sweat onto skin surface to evaporate
Explain what happens when body temperature falls due to cold environment (thermoregulation)
Hypothalamus detects fall and causes body responses
Blood flow changes and less blood flows nearer the skins surface
Sweat glands stop producing sweat
Body hairs raised by erector muscles in skin causing ‘goosebumps’
What does the sweat gland do?
Releases sweat when warm to lose heat by evaporation
What is Vasoconstriction?
More blood flows through deep skin blood vessels so less blood flows through surface capillaries
This keeps warm blood deeper in the skin so less heat is transferred to air
What is vasodilation
Less blood flows through deep skin blood vessels so more blood flows through surface capillaries
This increases flow of blood near skin, so heat is transferred easily to air
Blood glucose regulation.- when risen
E.g. After meal
Pancreas detects rise in blood glucose concentration
Pancreas increases secretion of insulin and decreases secretion of glucagon
Insulin causes muscle and liver cells to remove glucose from blood and store it as glycogen. As a result blood glucose conc falls
Blood glucose conc when falls
E.g after exercise
Pancreas detects fall in blood glucose concentration
Pancreas decreases secretion of insulin and increase secretion of glucagon
Glucagon causes liver cells to convert glycogen into glucose and release it in blood.
Blood glucose conc rises
BMI= weight(kg) / height (m)
Remember bmi = weight divide height
Type 1 diabetes causes
-The immune system has damaged The persons insulin secreting pancreatic cells, so the person does not produce insulin
Type 2 diabetes cause
The person does produce insulin but their liver and muscle cells have become resistant to it.
Type 1 diabetes control
-inject insulin
Type 2 diabetes control
Eating foods that contain less sugar, exercising and using medication if needed
