Homeostasis Flashcards
first part
Homeostasis
body state in which internal & chemical conditions are maintained within a tolerable range
Ex. of homeostasis
Ion concentration, pH level of nutrients and waste
Homeostatis systems (3)
- Sensor
-Integrator
-Effector
Integrator role
Coordinates response
What group is integrator and sensor
nervous and endocrine
Effector group
tissue or organ
What are the sensors (5)
vision
touch
smell
hearing
taste
CNS
Brain and Spinal cord
PNS
peripheral nerves
Effector role
Works to bring system to normal
Negative feedback system order
stimulus -> Sensor -> integrator -> Effector -> response (effect is canceling the effect of original environmental change)
Too cold? (6)
- Muscles contract; Shivering: heat produced
- No sweat
-effector muscles make hair stand up to trap a layer of warm air
-vasoconstriction
-put clothes on - go inside
Too hot
-No shivering
- Sweating -> energy is lost as water evaporates from the skin
-vasodilation
-takes clothes off
-fan yourself
Vasoconstriction
Muscles in walls of arteries constrict
less blood flows through capillaries in skin
Vasodilation
- muscles in walls of arteries relax
-more blood flow which allows heat energy to be transferred from body into sweat that forms on the surface of skin which evaporates
Positive feed back loop
reinforced ad increasing the change
Does positive feedback result in homeostasis
NO- rarely found in body allows physiological events to occur quickly
Examples of positive feedback
blood clotting, child birth, lactation
Review diagrams of positive feed back (child birth) (blood clotting)
How can you induce childbirth?
Can induce by providing oxytocin or pitocin
Waste removal in Kidney- what waste product where does buildup come from
Ammonia (NH3) is extremely toxic and is created during protein catabolism thorugh the deamination of amino acids
How is urea formed
CO2 is added to 2 NH3 making urea, LESS TOXIC
uric acid
by-product of nucleic acid catabolism (is also excreted by the kidney)
The lungs- waste product when is it produced how is it removed
Carbon dioxide is a waste product formed during aerobic cellular respiration and is exhaled by the lungs