Homeostasis

Question 1

Multicellular organisms

Answer 1

an organism that is composed of more than one cell.

Question 2

Unicellular organisms

Answer 2

a single-celled organism

Question 3

Carbohydrates

Answer 3

Main and vital energy source, critical for the brain and kidneys. There are two typed of carbohydrates = simple and complex.

Question 4

Lipids

Answer 4

A chemical substance such as fats or oils that can be used as an energy source.

Question 5

Protein

Answer 5

A chemical substance composed of amino acids, with structural and regulatory functions. (Can also be used as an energy source) Foods include meat, legumes, dairy and eggs.

Question 6

Enzymes

Answer 6

A catalyst that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without itself being changed by the reaction.

Question 7

Antibody’s

Answer 7

also called immunoglobulin; is a protective protein produced by the immune system in response to viruses, sickness or disease.

Question 8

Amino acids

Answer 8

an organic molecule that forms the basic building blocks of a protein.

Question 9

Vitamins and minerals

Answer 9

Assist thousands of chemical reactions in the body, some work with enzymes as catalysts, others play a role in strengthening bones, healing wounds and helping nerve cells conduct electrical impulses. It also assists in the breakdown of carbohydrates and proteins.

Question 10

The body systems

Answer 10

Integumentary system (skin), skeletal, muscular, nervous, endocrine, circulatory, immune, respiratory, digestive, excretory, and reproductive systems.

Question 11

Homeostasis

Answer 11

The Maintenace of a relatively stable internal body environment, despite changes to its external environment

Question 12

Stimulus

Answer 12

any object or event that elicits a sensory or behavioral response in an organism.

Question 13

Receptor

Answer 13

a sense organ (or cell/group of cells) that detects stimulus.

Question 14

Effector

Answer 14

A muscle, gland or organ capable of responding to a response signal from the control center.

Question 15

Stimulus-response model

Answer 15

Stimulus, receptor, control center, effector, response/ negative feedback.

Question 16

Negative feedback loops

Answer 16

The loops use information about the response to reduce the stimulus, helping the system to return to its set point (homeostasis)

Question 17

Pancreas’ hormones

Answer 17

Insulin = helps absorb glucose (decrease sugar levels)
Glucagon = produces more glucose (increase sugar levels)

Question 18

Diabetes

Answer 18

Is a disorder where a person cannot control their blood glucose levels without help.

Question 19

Difference between type 1 and type 2 diabetes

Answer 19

In diabetes type 1 (autoimmune), the pancreas does not make insulin, because the body’s immune system attacks the islet cells in the pancreas that make insulin. In type 2 diabetes (poor diet and obesity), the pancreas makes less insulin than it used to, and your body becomes resistant to insulin.

Question 21

What are the 5 nutrient groups?

Answer 21

Carbohydrates, Lipids, Protein, Vitamins, Minerals.

Question 22

Cellular respiration

Answer 22

Glucose and oxygen are converted to water, carbon dioxide and (as a byproduct) ATP (energy) in the mitochondria.