Energy: Light, Sound and Heat Flashcards
Consideration of Scientific Models and Energy Transfer
What is a Scientific Model?
- A physical, mathematical or conceptual representation of a system of ideas, events or processes.
What are the types of models?
physical and abstract
What makes a good scientific model?
- Based on reliable observations
- able to explain the characteristics of the observations used to formulate it
-predictive
-able to explain the phenomena that were not used to develop the model - able to be refined when new, credible, conflicting observations arise.
What are limitations of scientific models?
Models cannot include all the deatils of the object that they represent. Eg, maps cannot include all the details of the feature of the earth.
- Approximations
What is the Kinetic Theory?
The kinetic theory of matter states that all matter is made of small particles that are in random motion and constant motion and that have space between them.
What can waves do?
Waves can carry energy but not matter. This is done by a series of disturbances or vibrations.
What are the two types of waves?
Longitudinal and Transverse
What are they key propertys of a wave?
Frequency, period, wavelength, amplitude and speed.
- Wave speed, frequency and wavelength are connected by the wave equation; v=fλ
- Frequency and period are related to time
- Wavelength and amplitude are measures of length.
- Crest and Trough
What are mechanical and non-mechanical waves?
Mechanical waves like sound waves, require a medium to propagate. While electromagnetic waves are non-mechanical waves that do not require a medium and can travel through a vacuum.
What are Transverse and Longitudinal waves?
If the particles of the medium move in a direction perpendicular to the wave propagation then the waves are called transverse waves. Longitudinal waves are waves in which the particles of the medium vibrate parallel to the direction of wave propagation.
What is the wave equation?
Wave Speed = frequency x wavelength
What is sound energy?
Sound is caused by the vibration of particles moving in a wavelike motion,
Sounds are created by object vibrations and produce pressure waves.
mechanical, longitudinal wave.
What is light Energy?
The electromagnetic spectrum is a way of describing the different forms of light,
All forms of light travel at the same speed through a vacuum.
a transverse wave.
non-mechanical
When light encounters an object it may …
reflect (bounce), refract (bend when entering a different medium), or diffract (bend around objects).
What is reflection?
When light reflects it bounces off a surface in a predictable manner.
