Homeostasis Flashcards
Define homeostasis.
All structures function together to ensure the body’s internal environment remains the same despite constant changes inside + outside the body
What mechanisms would be used when the body detects movement outside the homeostatic range?
Negative + positive feedback mechanisms
What is the negative feedback mechanism? + e.g.
Process body uses to reverse direction of movement away from homeostasis e.g. bp regulation
What is the positive feedback mechanism? + e.g.
Process body uses to increase movement away from homoeostasis e.g. normal childbirth
What is tissue repair?
Process that replaces worn-out, damaged or dead cells
Which cells accomplish tissue repair?
Parenchymal cells
What is fibrosis + how does it come about?
Scar tissue - if fibroblasts need to come in to repair the tissue -> synthesise materials that aggregate -> scar tissue
What is shivering + what does it do?
Involuntary muscular contraction - dramatically increases rate of heat production
What is the name of the fluid that surrounds cell?
Interstitial fluid
What 2 main systems control the body?
Nervous + endocrine system
What does the nervous system do?
Detect change from balance state + sends messages in the form of nerve impulses to organs that can counteract the change
What does the endocrine system do?
Corrects changes by secreting hormones into the blood
Define heat.
Form of energy - measured as temp. + expressed in calories
Define a calorie.
Amount of energy required to raise temp. of 1g of water by 1°C
Where does most heat produced by the body come from?
Catabolism of the food we eat
Define metabolic rate.
Rate at which heat is produced
What 10 factors is metabolic rate affected by?
Exercise, hormones, nervous system, body temp., ingestion of food, age, gender, climate, sleep + nutrition
