Homeostasis Flashcards
What is homeostasis?
Homeostasis is the regulation of internal conditions in your body to maintain ‘OPTIMAL’ function
Name 2 automatic control systems
-Central nervous system (CNS)
-Endocrine system
What does the CNS control?
It controls voluntary and involuntary actions
(caused by electrical impulses to external stimuli)
What is the Endocrine system?
Glands (organs) that produce CHEMICAL messages (hormones) in response to INTERNAL/EXTERNAL stimuli
What is a stimulus?
A change in your environment that you need to react to
What can a stimulus trigger?
CNS or ENDOCRINE system
What is the CNS made of?
Brain and Spinal Cord
In the Central Nervous System, what does the brain do?
Contains parts of the CNS (command centre)
In the Central Nervous System, what is the spinal cord?
reflex arch
What do sensory nerves do?
Carry information from senses
What do motor nerves do?
send signals to muscles from brain/spinal cord
Where is the pituitary and hypothalamus?
the brain
What is the order of reaction to stimuli?
-Stimulus
-Receptor
-Sensory neuron
-CNS
-Motor neuron
-Effector (muscle)
-Response
What is Hyperthermia?
Medical emergency where the body fails to regulate temperature
What is Hypothermia?
abnormal condition where the body loses too much heat
Methods of control (TEMPERATURE)
body/skin regulate its internal temperature
Methods of control (BLOOD SUGAR)
has to be kept constant
Organs: liver and pancreas
Methods of control (WATER LEVELS)
regulated and kept in balance
Organs: Kidneys
Methods of control (BODY PH)
needs to be roughly 7.4
Organs: Kidneys - shed excess ions
Methods of control (OXYGEN/CARBON DIOXIDE LEVELS)
Concentration in the blood needs to be regulated
Organs: lungs and heart
Whats the name of a neurone that takes an impulse to the brain+spinal cord?
Sensory neurone
Where do electrical impulses go when they’re inside your CNS?
Passed along relay neurones
The impulse is passed from your brain+spinal cord to your…
muscles/glands along motor neurones
What is reaction time?
The time it takes to react to a stimulus
What is the Cerebrum (Cerebral cortex) responsible for?
It’s the largest part. Higher thinking skills eg memory, language, conscious thought, decision making
What is the cerebellum responsible for?
Coordination, balance and voluntary muscle function eg walking, lifting
What is the Medulla responsible for?
Involuntary (automatic) body function ad processes eg breathing, heart rate
What are neurones?
Neurones are specialized cells that conduct electrical impulses through the body
Why does the body have a reflex response?
To PROTECT the body from harm/damage
What is the THERMOREGULATORY CENTRE?
body TEMPERATURE control
What is VASODILATION?
It occurs during the body’s response to hot temperatures. (When blood vessels dilate)
What is VASOCONSTRICTION?
It occurs during the body’s response to cold temperatures. Blood vessels constrict
What organs involve the regulation of glucose?
