homeostasis Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the principles of the cell theory?

A

All living organisms are composed of one of more cells.
Cells are the basic unit of structure and organization of all living organisms.
Cells arise only from previously existing cells, with cells passing copies of their genetic material on to their daughter cells.

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2
Q

What are the differences between a prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell?

A

Eukaryotic cells contain a nucleus and other organelles.

Prokaryotic cells are cells without a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles.

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3
Q

What ia a plasma membrane?

A

A plasma membrane is a special boundary that helps control what enters and leaves the cell.

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4
Q

What is the process of maintaining balance in an organism’s internal environment is called?

A

homeostasis

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5
Q

What does selective permeability mean?

A

It means they allow some substances to pass through while keeping others out.

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6
Q

What do Receptors do?

A

Transmit signals to the inside of the cell.

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7
Q

Support gives . . .

A

membrane structure and strength.

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8
Q

What is diffusion?

A

The net movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration.

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9
Q

The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane is . . .

A

Osmosis

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10
Q

The environment enclosed by the plasma membrane is a semifluid material called . . .

A

cytoplasm

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11
Q

the cytoskeleton is . . .

A

a supporting network of long, thin protein fibers that form a framework for the cell and proved an anchor for the organelles.

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12
Q

Ribosomes are . . .

A

organelles that manufacture proteins.

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13
Q

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is . . .

A

a membrane system of folded sacs and interconnected channels that serves as the site for protein and lipid synthesis.

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14
Q

The Golgi apparatus is . . .

A

a flattened stack of membranes that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins.

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15
Q

A vacuole is . . .

A

a membrane-bound sac used for temporary storage.

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16
Q

Lysosomes are . . .

A

vesicles that contain substances that digest excess or worn-out organelles and food particles.

17
Q

Centrioles are . . .

A

organelles made of groups of microtubules that function during cell division.

18
Q

Mitochondria . . .

A

convert fuel particles into usable energy.

19
Q

Plant cells and some other eukaryotes contain chloroplasts, which

A

capture light and convert it into chemical energy in process called photosynthesis.