home ec: core 3- sociological terms and concepts

Question 1

society

Answer 1

a group of poeple who share a common way of life

Question 2

social group

Answer 2

subgroups of people within society who share a common purpose. For example:
primary social group: a small group of people with permanent relationships and close ties e.g family

secondary: a large group of people with less permanent relationships and impersonal ties e.g school

Question 3

kinship

Answer 3

a blood relationship that exists between family members

Question 4

norms

Answer 4

the normal patterns of behaviour individuals are expected to follow within society e.g saying thank you

Question 5

values

Answer 5

the attitudes and beliefs held by a society regarding what is right and wrong. These are reinforced by the laws of a country

Question 6

mores

Answer 6

the norms, values, and customs that are consdiered important by society e.g showing respect to others

Question 7

socialisation

Answer 7

the process whereby an individual learns appropriate norms, values and behaviours and social skills in order to behave in a manner acceptable to society. This is achieved by by :

• primary socialisation: within the family
• secondary socialisation: outside the family e.g school

Question 8

culture

Answer 8

the way of life of a society which includes language, music, customs, norms, values and skills passed from one generation to the next

Question 9

role

Answer 9

the expected pattern of behaviour of an individual according to their status or position in society e.g a judge should be non discriminatory and fair

Question 10

status

Answer 10

the position held by individuals relative to others within society. its often defined by the amount of respect and prestige shown to them by others. Status can be

• ascribed: given at brith
• achieved: gained through individuals own effort

Question 11

socio-economic grouping

Answer 11

the classification of individuals according to their economic and social position in relation to others, based on income, education, and occupation. in ireland these groups are usually classified at lower, middle and higher class

Question 12

social mobility

Answer 12

the movement of individuals between socio- economic groupings e.g from middle class to higher class. May occur due to educational progression

Question 13

social institutions

Answer 13

organised social arrangements found in many societies

Question 14

social change

Answer 14

chagnes that take place in society due to major developments. For example:

• changes in technonolgy
• national or international eventse.g troubles in nothern ireland
• law reform: divorce legalised in 1996