Holocaust Flashcards
Nuremberg laws
1933: Jewish teachers, lawyers and judges were sacked. Shops were boycotted
1935: marriages between Jews and non-Jews banned. No Jew could be a German citizen
1936: not allowed to own any electrical equipment, cameras, bicycles, typewriters or records
1938: banned from schools and playing with non-Jews
What is the Kristallnacht?
In November 1938, a Nazi-organised purge occured (the night of broken glass)
What caused Kristallnacht?
The murder of a Nazi diplomat in Paris by a Jewish refugee
Consequences of Kristallnacht:
Jewish houses, businesses and synagogues were attacked. 91 Jews were killed and 20,000 were sent to concentration camps
When were concentration camps set up?
1933
What happened in September 1939?
Germany invaded Poland, taking control of about 3 million for Jews
Where were the Jews forced to live in?
The ghettos: the poorest parts of cities which were fenced off and guarded
Why did many people die in the ghettos?
The ghettos were overcrowded, had little sanitation, medicines or food. Rations were only 300 calories and Jews were expected to work for these rations. Many people died of malnutrition and disease.
What did the Einsatzgruppen do?
These SS killing squads rounded up Jews, took them to a remote area and shot them. About half a million Jews were killed this way.
When were Einsatzgruppen set up?
In 1941, when Germany invaded Russia
When was the ‘Final Solution’ decided ?
In 1942, a group of leading Nazis met at the Wannsee Conference.
What was the ‘Final Solution’?
This was the deliberate policy to wipe out the Jews be transporting them to death camps.
They would be sorted into who could work and who couldn’t; the latter was immediately sent to the gas chambers and killed using Zyklon B whereas the rest were worked to death
