Hodgkin's Lymphoma Flashcards

1
Q

Define Hodgkin’s Lymphoma?

A

Lymphomas are neoplasms of lymphoid cells, originating in the lymph nodes or other lymphoid tissues

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2
Q

How is Hodgkin’s Lymphoma diagnosed?

A

Histopathologically by the presence of Reed-Sternberg Cells (binucleate lymphocytes)

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3
Q

What percentage of all lymphomas is Hodgkin’s Lymphoma?

A

15% of all lymphomas

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4
Q

What is the aetiology of Hodgkin’s Lymphoma?

A

Likely to be an environmental trigger in a genetically susceptible individual
EBV genome has been detected in 50% of Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

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5
Q

What is the epidemiology of Hodgkin’s Lymphoma?

A

Bimodal age distribution with peaks at 20-30 yrs and > 50 yrs
More common in Males

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6
Q

What are the presenting symptoms of Hodgkin’s Lymphoma?

A

Painless Enlarging Mass
B symptoms of Lymphoma
Other Symptoms

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7
Q

What are some of the other features of the mass in Hodgkin’s Lymphoma?

A

Most commonly in the neck
Can also be in the axilla or the groin
The mass may become painful after alcohol ingestion

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8
Q

What are the B symptoms of Lymphoma in Hodgkin’s Lymphoma?

A

Fever > 38 degrees
Night Sweats
Weight loss > 10% body weight in the past 6 months

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9
Q

What is it called if the fever is cyclical?

A

Pel-Ebstein Fever

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10
Q

What are the other symptoms in Hodgkin’s Lymphoma?

A

Pruritis
Cough
Dyspnoea

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11
Q

What are the signs of Hodgkin’s Lymphoma on physical examination?

A

Non-tender firm rubbery lymphadenopathy (may be cervical, axillary or inguinal)
Splenomegaly (or sometimes, hepatosplenomegaly)
Skin excoriations
Signs of intrathoracic disease (e.g. pleural effusion, superior vena cava obstruction)

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12
Q

What investigations would you do for Hodgkin’s Lymphoma?

A
Bloods 
Lymph Node Biopsy 
Bone Marrow Aspirate and Trephine Biopsy
Imaging 
Ann Arbor Staging
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13
Q

What bloods would you do for Hodgkin’s Lymphoma and what might you see?

A

FBC:

  • Anaemia of Chronic Disease
  • Leucocytosis
  • High Neutrophils
  • High Eosinophils
  • Lymphopaenia in advanced disease

High ESR and CRP

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14
Q

What imaging would you do in Hodgkin’s Lymphoma?

A

CXT
CT
PET

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15
Q

What is Ann Arbor Staging?

A
I = Single Lymph node region
II = 2+ lymph node regions on one side of the diaphragm 
III =  lymph node regions on both sides of the diaphragm 
IV =  extranodal involvement 
A = absence of B symptoms 
B = presence of B symptoms 
E = localised extranodal extension
S = involvement of spleen
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