Hodgkin's Lymphoma Flashcards
What is it?
A malignant tumour of the lymphatic system
What cells does it show?
It is characterised by the presence of multinucleated giant cells called Reed Sternburg Cells and a few abnormal smaller mononucleated cells
What two types are there?
Classic (95% of cases), or Nodular Lymphocyte Predominant
What staging system is used?
The Ann Arbour staging
What is stage 1?
A single lymph node is involved
What is stage 2?
2 or more nodes on the same side of the diaphragm
What is stage 3?
Nodes on both sides of the diaphragm
What is stage 4?
Spread beyond the lymph nodes e.g liver or bone marrow
Is it common?
No, 2.7 per 100,000 people
Who does it affect?
More commonly males and usually occurs between 20-34 years old, then another peak above 70 years old
Risk Factors (5)
EBV, Glandular fever, HIV, immunosuppression, smoking
Symptoms (7)
chest discomfort, cough, dyspnoea, night sweats, fever, weight loss, alcohol induced pain at nodes
Signs (8)
Large but asymptomatic lymph node, mediastinal mass, lymphadenopathy, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, superior vena cava syndrome, cachexia, anaemia
Differentials (7)
Glandular fever, AIDs, Non-Hodgkins, TB, Leukaemia, Myeloma, CMV
What bloods would you do? (7)
FBC, Blood film, ESR, CRP, LFT, HIV and EBV immunology, Calcium
