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HOA early christian and byzantine > HOA3_INDIAN,CHINESE ARCHITECTURE > Flashcards

HOA3_INDIAN,CHINESE ARCHITECTURE Flashcards

1
Q

It is home to the largest of the four ancient civilization

A

Indus Region

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2
Q

It consists of the Indian peninsula + portions of the Asian mainland; once included Pakistan, and Bangladesh

A

Indus Region

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3
Q

_____= Indian

A

Bharat

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4
Q

Bharat also means what?

A

King Bharat

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5
Q

What is Varsa?

A

It is the division of the earth or a continent

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6
Q

What is the realm of Bharat known in Mahabharata?

A

Bharatavarsh

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7
Q

What are the materials used in Indian Architecture?

A

Sandstone, Marble, Granite, Soapstone, Timber,Bricks and Terra Cotta

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8
Q

A state that supports or participate in a neutral manner in the affairs of all religious groups and as well as atheism, Vedism, and Brahmanism

A

SECULARISM

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9
Q

Veda (knowledge) - _____

A

Scripture

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9
Q
A
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10
Q

What is Vedism

A

It is the polytheistic sacrificial religion involving the worship of numerous male divinities (and a few goddesses)

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11
Q

What is Brahmanism?

A

It is the complex sacrificial religion that emerged in post-Vedic India(c 900BC) under the influence of the dominant priesthood(Brahmans)

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12
Q

Is Brahmanism an early stage in the development of Hinduism?

A

TRUE

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13
Q

VEDIC Philosophies + Brahmanical Rituals=

A

Hinduism

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14
Q

The sacred language in Hinduism

A

Sanskrit

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15
Q

Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism originated from?

A

Hinduism

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16
Q

Hindu is derived from where?

A

The river Sindhu or Indus, Santana Dharma(immemorial tradition)

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17
Q

A religion that believes in reincarnation, kharma, and ahimsa

A

Hinduism

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18
Q

What is ahimsa?

A

Nonviolence and respect for all living things

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19
Q

What is Saktas?

A

One of the most debased sects of Hinduism; Erotic, sensual imagery

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20
Q

What is Durga?

A

It is the beautiful woman with a gentle face, rides a lion with 10 arms holding weapons to vanquish the demons who threaten the dharma

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21
Q

What is Kali?

A

It is the fierce form portrayed dripping with blood, carrying a sword, and a severed head, and wearing a girdle of severed hands, and a necklace of skulls symbolizing her aspect as the destroyer of evil which means transformation

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22
Q

Caste System also called as

A

Varna

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23
Q

It is a social group based particularly on occupation which grew up with Hindiusm

A

Caste System

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24
Q

Which group is on top of the Caste System?

A

Brahmins or priests

25
Q

Which group is third in the Caste System?

A

Vaisyas or merchants and farmers

26
Q

Which group is second highest in the Caste System?

A

Kshatriyas or kings and warriors

27
Q

Which group is the second lowest in the Caste system?

A

Sudras or workers

28
Q

Which group is the lowest in the Caste system?

A

Untouchable or outcasts

29
Q

How many groups are in the Caste system?

30
Q

Religion in India that was established in the 6th c BCE by Vardharmana

31
Q

Person called Mahavira “the Great Hero” or Jina, the “Victorious One”

A

Vardharmana

32
Q

Religion in India that is based on asceticism or ahimsa, theory, and practice of non violence

33
Q

Agamas means ____

A

Sacred Text

34
Q

Digambaras(sky clad or naked) means __

A

monks that carry asceticism to the point of rejecting even clothing

35
Q

Shvetambaras (white clad) are what?

A

Monks that wear simple white robes. The laity are permitted to wear clothes of any color

36
Q

Religion and philosophy founded in northeasthern India in the 5th c. BCE and is based on the teaching of Siddhartha Gautama

37
Q

Religion that adopted some ideas from Hinduism, doctrine karma, but rejected caste system and all of its gods

38
Q

A Sakya princes known as Buddha the enlightened one

A

Siddhartha Gautama

39
Q

The two divisions of Buddhism

A

Theravada and Mahayana

40
Q

Buddhism that remains faithful to ancient Maha

A

Theravada (the lesser vehicle)

41
Q

Buddhism that worships bodhisattvas or creatures of charity

A

Mahayana (the greater vehicle)

42
Q

Who promoted Buddhism during the 3rd c BCE, but it declined in succeeding centuries and was nearly extinct by the 13th c

A

Emperor Ashoka

43
Q

Religion that emphasizes on the principle of equality of all humans and rejects discrimination on the basis of caste, creed, and gender

44
Q

What is the surname that all Sikh males adopt?

A

Singh(LION)

45
Q

What is the surname all Sikh females adopt?

A

Kaur(princess)

46
Q

The sikh place of worship

47
Q

It also historically served as a refuge for the homeless and destitute

48
Q

A saffron colored triangular flag bearing the Khanda(the symbol of the Sikh faith) that is usually displayed in the Gurdwara

A

Nishan Sahib

49
Q

Pakistan: Muslim
India: Hindu/ Majority non muslim

50
Q

SACRED mountain(Hindu, Jain, and Buddhist cosmology) and is considered to be the center of all the physical, metaphysical, and spiritual universes

51
Q

Middle of the Earth- connect between heaven and earth

52
Q

Architectural Character of INDIAN ARCHITECTURE

A

Monolithic
Monumental
Free Standing construction
Rock cut buildings

53
Q

Buddhist architecture character

A

Magnificent development and artistic character

54
Q

Civilization that began to develop around the Indus River; and is based on three concepts- sacred, universal and ritualistic

A

INDUS CIVILIZATION

55
Q

The three basic concepts of the indus civilization

A

Sacred, Universal, Ritualistic

56
Q

The 5 major urban centers in Indus Civilization

A

-Mohenjo-Daro
-Harappa
-Ganeriwala
-Dholavira
-Rakhigarhi

57
Q

The first urban civilization of South Asia in 6500-6000 BCE. Precursor to the Indus Valley Civilization

58
Q

Indus civilization that had writing and counting, built drainage systems that ran into brick-lined sewers and dug canals to irrigate their farms

HOA early christian and byzantine (3 decks)

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