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Abi History 2015 > HN Industrial Revolution > Flashcards

HN Industrial Revolution Flashcards

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1
Q

What kinds of revolutions are there?

A

Political revolutions, economic revolutions and social revolutions

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2
Q

What is a political revolution?

A

This kind of revolution instigates a change in the government.

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3
Q

What is an economic revolution?

A

This kind of revolution is a change in the finances.

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4
Q

What is a social revolution?

A

This kind of revolution is a change in how people live.

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5
Q

Before the Industrial Revolution, how did people live?

A

People lived under the feudal system.

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6
Q

How did the feudal system work?

A

Poor people lived in rural areas on land that was owned by landlords and royalty. These people worked on the land and consumed what they produced.

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7
Q

What are capitalists?

A

Rich factory and land owners.

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8
Q

What are peasants?

A

Peasants were the common or poor people before and during the Industrial Revolution.

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9
Q

What industry existed before the Industrial Revolution?

A

Home or cottage industries existed, where peasants made goods in their houses and then either used or sold what they produced.

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10
Q

What is a revolution?

A

A revolution is a series of events that lead to a transformation or change in a country or era.

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10
Q

How were materials created before the Industrial Revolution?

A

They were made with simple hand tools.

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11
Q

What source of power was used before the Industrial Revolution?

A

Horse power and man power were the main sources of power.

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12
Q

What material was used for buildings before the Industrial Revolution?

A

Wood was the main building material.

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14
Q

Why was Great Britain the world’s leading trading nation?

A

It was mainly due to her naval supremacy and extensive colonial empire.

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15
Q

Which industry was most affected by the Industrial Revolution?

A

The textile industry was most affected.

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16
Q

What source of power was developed during the Industrial Revolution?

A

Steam power.

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17
Q

What helped speed up the Industrial Revolution?

A

The invention of new technology was an important factor.

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18
Q

What was the main building material after the Industrial Revolution?

A

Steel was the main building material.

18
Q

What materials became mass produced after the Industrial Revolution?

A

Coal and Iron Ore.

19
Q

What became commonplace after the Industrial Revolution?

A

Machinery became commonplace.

20
Q

What new forms of transport were developed during the Industrial Revolution?

A

Steamships and railways made the transportation of the mass produced goods much easier.

21
Q

Which important invention greatly sped up the weaving process during the Industrial Revolution?

A

The power loom made it easier to mass produce clothes and fabrics, because it sped up the weaving process.

22
Q

What was the improved steam engine used for?

A

It was used to pump water out of mines. This enabled miners to dig deeper and more efficiently.

23
Q

What was the flying shuttle used for?

A

It sped up the weaving process even more than the power loom. It sped production up so much that normal weavers could not compete.

24
Q

What happened when the spinning jenny was invented?

A

One person could spin eight threads at once.

25
Q

What happened when the spinning frame was invented?

A

This machine needed water to run, so factories began to develop near streams.

26
Q

What increased the demand for coal?

A

The improvement of the steam engine mean that it could be used to run machinery. This increased the need for coal, to make the steam.

27
Q

What is urbanisation?

A

Urbanisation is the movement of people from rural areas to urban areas.

28
Q

Why did urbanisation happen during the Industrial Revolution?

A

People moved to cities and factories to find work.

29
Q

What were the housing conditions in cities like during the Industrial Revolution?

A

They were built quickly and cheaply near the factories. They were very small and close together. The houses did not have indoor toilets or running water. No sanitation was put into place, which created a breeding ground for diseases.

31
Q

How young could the children working in factories and mines be?

A

They could be as young as 6 years old.

32
Q

How long did children work?

A

They worked from 12-20 hours a day, with only a one hour break. Sometimes they did not have a break.

33
Q

What was the food like during the Industrial Revolution?

A

The food was of a poor quality, often quite dusty, with little or no nourishment.

34
Q

How were the children payed?

A

The factory owners paid them very little. Orphans often didn’t get paid anything, instead they got food, clothing and shelter, but they were of very bad quality.

35
Q

How were the children treated?

A

Factory owners would often verbally and physically abuse them. Their safety was not at all considered.

36
Q

How were the children treated if they were late for work?

A

The children were severely punished. Boys were often sent naked to work, and children often had to walk around with weights on their necks as punishment.

37
Q

Why were the children treated so badly?

A

They were not protected by the law. There were no rights for children in that era.

38
Q

How was trade influenced by the Industrial Revolution?

A

Since the invention of the steamship, Britain could trade faster and to far away places. Improved communications also influenced trade.

39
Q

What were trade unions?

A

Trade unions were when workers came together to protect their rights.

40
Q

How did the workers resist the Industrial Revolution?

A

They smashed machines and killed factory owners.

41
Q

Who were the Luddites?

A

They were a group of rebels who smashed machines to resist the Industrial Revolution. They were led by a fictional character called Ned Ludd.

42
Q

Who was Captain Swing?

A

He was a mythical character whom the swing rioters used as a front to send threats to the government. They also destroyed threshing machines and set fire to barns.

43
Q

What form of labour was used during the Industrial Revolution?

A

Child labour was used.

44
Q

When did the Industrial Revolution happen?

A

1750-1850

Abi History 2015 (9 decks)

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