HLA: Glucose + cholesterol

Question 1

What puts you at increased risk of diabetes?

Answer 1

• being overweight
• being physically inactive
• having a family history of diabetes
• being of South Asian or African Caribbean origin, or
• having a history of diabetes during pregnancy.

Question 2

Diabetes and CHD

Answer 2

• People who have diabetes have a much higher risk of developing CHD than people who don’t have diabetes.
• More likely to have a heart attack

Question 3

Ethnicity and diabetes

Answer 3

• South Asian or African Caribbean
• Increased risk of developing diabetes, which can increase the chance of developing coronary heart disease.

Question 4

Managing/preventing diabetes

Answer 4

• keeping your blood glucose, blood cholesterol and blood pressure levels under control
• eating healthily
• keeping to a healthy weight
• being active, and
• going for a review each year.
• Stop smoking

Question 5

Healthy eating in diabetes

Answer 5

• Replace saturated fats with unsaturated fats

Question 6

Target bp for a diabetic

Answer 6

30/80mmHg or below
It’s important to have your blood pressure checked at least once a year, or more often if your doctor or nurse thinks it’s necessary.

Question 7

Waist size and health risks

Answer 7

Question 8

LDL cholesterol

Answer 8

Bad

Question 9

HDL cholesterol

Answer 9

good

Question 10

Aim for cholesterol

Answer 10

The aim is to have:
* a low total cholesterol level
* a low level of LDL cholesterol, and * a high level of HDL cholesterol.

Question 11

DIet for cholesterol

Answer 11

• Eat more high fibre foods: whole grains, pulses, fruit and veg
• Eating more plant-based foods: in margarines, spreads, soft cheese, yoghurt
• Unsalted nuts
• Soya: milk, yoghurts
• Cut down on salt
• Drink alcohol within sensible limits
• Mediterranean diet

Question 12

What is a Mediterranean diet

Answer 12

• emphasis on eating less meat and more fish, fruit, vegetables, grains, nuts, pulses and beans
• using unsaturated oils instead of saturated fats such as butter
• Aim to eat a couple of portions of fish each week, and make one of these portions an oily fish

Question 13

Sensible alcohol limits

Answer 13

Men: no more than 3 to 4 units of alcohol each day
Women: no more than 2 to 3 units each day.