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Microbiology > HIV Therapy > Flashcards

HIV Therapy Flashcards

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1
Q

Protease Inhibitors

A

“Navir tease a protease”- all protease inhibitors end in “Navir”

  • Inhibit HIV-1 protease (pol gene), which is needed to cleave HIV mRNA into functional parts, preventing maturation of new viruses
  • SE: Hyperglycemia, GI intolerance, Lipodystrophy, Inhibit P450 (PICK EGS)
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2
Q

Lopinavir

A

Protease inhibitor

*GI intolerance, inhibits P450

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3
Q

Atazanavir

A

Protease inhibitor

*GI intolerance, inhibits P450

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4
Q

Darunavir

A

Protease inhibitor

*GI intolerance, inhibits P450

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5
Q

Fosamprenavir

A

Protease inhibitor

*GI intolerance, inhibits P450

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6
Q

Saquinavir

A

Protease inhibitor

*GI intolerance, inhibits P450, lipodystrophy, hyperglycemia

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7
Q

Ritonavir

A

Protease inhibitor

*GI intolerance, inhibits P450, pancreatitis

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8
Q

Indinavir

A

Protease inhibitor

*GI intolerance, inhibits P450, lypodystrophy, hyperglycemia, nephrolithiasis/nephropathy, hematuria

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9
Q

Protease inhibitor SE

A
  • Hyperglycemia, GI intolerance, Lipodystrophy
  • Hyperglycemia and Lipodystrophy especially in Indinavir, Saquinavir, Amprenavir
  • Pancreatitis in Ritonavir
  • Nephrolithiasis, Nephropathy, Hematuria in Indinavir
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10
Q

Protease Inhibitor that especially causes hyperglycemia and lipodystrophy

A

ISA: Indinar (also renal), Saquinavir, Amprenavir

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11
Q

Protease Inhibitor that especially causes pancreatitis

A

Ritonavir

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12
Q

Protease Inhibitor that especially causes nephrolithiasis, nephropathy, hematuria

A

Indinavir (also hyperglycemia and lipodystrophy)

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13
Q

NRTIs

A

Competitively inhibit nucleotide binding to RT and terminate the DNA chain (lack 3’OH):
“STEAL Zidane’s Didanosine”
*All but Tenofovir must be phosphorylated
*Zidovudine is used for general prophylaxis and during pregnancy
*SE: BM suppression, peripheral neuropathy, lactic acidosis, rash (hypersensitivity)

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14
Q

Stavudine

A

NRTI, must be phosphorylated

*BM suppression, lactic acidosis, rash, pancreatitis, peripheral neuropathy, hepatic steatosis

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15
Q

Tenofovir

A

NRTI, does not need to be phosphorylated

*BM suppression, lactic acidosis, rash

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16
Q

Emtricitabine

A

NRTI, must be phosphorylated

*BM suppression, lactic acidosis, rash

17
Q

Abacavir

A

NRTI, must be phosphorylated

*BM suppression, lactic acidosis, RASH (hypersensitivity reactions)

18
Q

Lamivudine

A

NRTI, must be phosphorylated

*BM suppression, lactic acidosis, rash

19
Q

Zidovudine

A

NRTI, must be phosphorylated

  • BM suppression, lactic acidosis, rash, ANEMIA
  • Used for general prophylaxis and during pregnancy
20
Q

Didanosine

A

NRTI, must be phosphorylated

*BM suppression, lactic acidosis, rash, pancreatitis, peripheral neuropathy, hepatic steatosis

21
Q

NRTI that especially causes pancreatitis, peripheral neuropathy, hepatic steatosis

A

Stavudine, Didanosine

22
Q

NRTI that especially causes hypersensitivity reaction

A

Abacavir

23
Q

HIV drug that especially causes anemia

A

Zidovudine (NRTI): also used for prophylaxis and pregnancy

24
Q

HIV drug used for prophylaxis and pregnancy

A

Zidovudine (NRTI): also causes anemia

25
Q

NRTI that does not need to be phosphorylated

A

Tenofovir

26
Q

NNRTIs

A
  • Noncompetitively bind RT at different site from nucleotide
  • Do not need phosphorylation
  • Same SE as NRTIs: BM suppression, rash
  • NED: Nevirapine, Efavirenz, Delavirdine
27
Q

Nevirapine

A

NNRTI, does not need phosphorylation

*BM suppression, rash

28
Q

Efavirenz

A

NNRTI, does not need phosphorylation

  • BM suppression, rash
  • False-positive cannabinoid test, Confusion
29
Q

Delavirdine

A

NNRTI, does not need phosphyrlation

*BM suppression, rash

30
Q

HIV drug that causes false-positive cannabinoid test and confusion

A

Efavirenz (NNRTI)

31
Q

HIV drug class that must be phosphorylated, and causes BM suppression, peripheral neuropathy, lactic acidosis, rash (hypersensitivity)

A

NRTIs (STEAL Zidane’s Didanosine)

32
Q

HIV drug class that inhibits pol gene products

A

Protease Inhibitors (-Navir): also inhibit P450

33
Q

HIV drug class that inhibit P450

A

Protease Inhibitors (PICK EGS)

34
Q

HIV drug class that causes hyperglycemia, GI intolerance, lipodystrophy

A

Protease Inhibitors (-Navir): also inhibit P450

35
Q

Integrase inhibitors

A

Raltegravir: reversibly inhibits HIV integrase

*SE: hypercholesterolemia

36
Q

HIV drug that causes hypercholesterolemia

A

Raltegravir (integrase inhibitor)

37
Q

HIV drug only used for R5 strains

A

Maraviroc (CCR5 antagonist)

38
Q

Maraviroc

A

CCR5 antagonist, only used for R5 strains

39
Q

Raltegravir

A

Integrase inhibitor

*SE: hypercholesterolemia

Microbiology (6 decks)

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