HIV Lifecycle

Question 1

HIV exclusively attacks ____ cells

Answer 1

CD4 (helper T)

Question 2

What two surface envelope glycoproteins are on the surface of HIV?

Answer 2

gp120 and gp41

Question 3

What happens during the attachment phase of HIV infection?

Answer 3

gp120 attaches to the host cell receptor, conformational changes in gp120 allow binding to CCR5 or CXCR4 receptors

Question 4

After attachment, what comes next in the HIV lifecycle?

Answer 4

Fusion

Question 5

After fusion, what is the next step in the HIV lifecycle?

Answer 5

Reverse transcription of RNA into DNA

Question 6

What enzyme performs reverse transcription?

Answer 6

HIV reverse transcriptase

Question 7

After reverse transcription, what is the next step in the HIV life cycle

Answer 7

DNA migrates into the nucleus and is integrated into the DNA of the host cell

Question 8

What enzyme incorporates viral DNA into host DNA?

Answer 8

Integrase (Viral enzyme)

Question 9

After viral DNA is integrated into host DNA, what happens next?

Answer 9

HIV DNA is transcribed into mRNA and RNA, and then translated into viral polyproteins

Question 10

What enzyme is needed after creation of viral polyproteins?

Answer 10

HIV protease (to cleave into smaller proteins for release)