HIV - Clinical Care Flashcards
What is HAART?
Highly active antiretroviral therapy
How must someone take HAART?
MUST take tablets everyday or high risk of drug resistance
Why is there a high risk of resistance to ARV (anti retroviral) drugs?
The reverse transcriptase has reduced ability to correct for errors when creating DNA in the cell
Most of these just exist as polymorphisms but under drug pressure this can become a beneficial mutation - this then becomes the most dominant virus
How can you prevent drug resistance?
ADHERENCE
If go period of time where not taking drugs well it allows the mutated virus to proliferate and then if go back to taking drugs they have no impact and there is still a detectable viral load
Describe what effect protease inhibitors and NNRTIs have on liver enzymes?
What effect does this have on other drugs?
Protease inhibitors - liver enzyme inhibitors - boost effects of drugs
NNRTIs - liver enzyme inducers - reduce effects of drugs
What advice should be given to HIV+ mothers around breastfeeding?
Can’t breastfeed
If a patient successfully takes their meds what is the risk that they pass it on to a partner?
ZERO
U=U
Undetectable = untransmissible
How long does someone have to take PeP (post exposure prophylaxis)?
How long must you take it for?
72hrs
28 days
What is tenofovir/etrictabine combo used for?
PrEP
What are the two ways you can take PrEP?
continuously or on-demand (when know will be involved in risky behaviour)