HIV and syphillis

Question 1

what cells are the main target of HIV

Answer 1

CD4 lymphocytes

Question 2

who is most likely to get HIV

Answer 2

men who have sex with men
IV drug users
sex workers
prisons

Question 3

name 4 potential intra oral manifestations of HIV

Answer 3

candidiasis (erythmatous and pseudomembranous)
recurrent apthous ulceration
kaposis sarcoma
necrotising periodontal conditions
hairy leukoplakia

Question 4

what are the 3 phases of HIV infection

Answer 4

1. primary - initial exposure, high levels of replication, virus at its most transmissable
2. chronic - clinical latency, can last years, CD4 count gradually reduces
3. AIDS - advanced stage, lack of CD4 cells meaning immune system compromised

Question 5

treatment for HIV

Answer 5

no cure
antiretroviral therapy prevents replication

Question 6

when must post exposure prophylaxis for HIV be taken

Answer 6

emergency situations within 72 hours of exposure

Question 7

3 methods of HIV prevention

Answer 7

condoms
medical circumcision
treatment (reduces transmission)

Question 8

what is syphilis

Answer 8

bacterial STI caused by treponema pallidum

Question 9

3 stages of syphilis infection

Answer 9

1. primary
2. secondary
3. tertiary

Question 10

chancre

Answer 10

solitary hard and round ulcer at site of syphilis innoculation
usually genitally but can be orally

Question 11

condyloma lata

Answer 11

syphilis infections
large white/grey raised lesion (Wart like) that may be seen orally
(secondary syphilis)

Question 12

oral signs of tertiary syphillis

Answer 12

diffuse atrophy of tongue
lobulated or irregular pattern tongue